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Book. 



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ZikiT Z<fo~ 3<jx, So?. 
^ CI 



VOCABULARY 



UMBUNDU LANGUAGE, 



COMPRISING 



Umbundu-English and English-Umbundu. 



Three Thousand Words used by the Inhabitants of 

Bailundu and Bihe, and other Countries 

of West Central Africa. 



J 

J 
N \y prepared by 

REV. WV H. SANDERS, REV. W. E. FAY, 
it t 

And other Missionaries of the A. R. C. F. M. 

188c. 






BEACON PRESS : THOMAS TODD, PRINTER, 1 SOMERSET STREET, BOSTON. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



A. 



Abandon, v. a., yembungula. 
Abdomen, ocilena. 
Able, to be, v. s., pondola, tena. 
Abundant, v. s., liwewa, neng- 

ula (of crop). 
Abuse, v. a., fukina. 
Abyss, ekungu. 
Acacia, on gay e. 
Accept, v. a., tava. 
Acceptance (woman's word of), 

ka. 
Accommodate, v. a., likapa. 
Accompany, v. a., sindikila. 
Accordion, ongayeta. 
Accusation, on jay a. 
Accuse (falsely), v. a., lundila. 
Accustomed, v. s., ika, veka (?) 
Ache (of jaw because of sour 

food), v. a., twangula. 
Acquaintance, onjiwe. 
Acquittal, eyovo. 
Acquitted, v. s., yovoka. 
Act foolishly, v. a., sepuka. 
Adam's-apple, ongongo. 
Add, v. a., vokiya, vandeka. 
Adhere, v. a., lamenena. 
Adherent, oname. 
Adjust, v. a., sea. 
Admire, v. a., komoha, kukuma, 

semununa. 
Advance, v. a., sinda. 
Advertise for, v. a., pilisa. 
Advise, v. a., lunga. 
Advocate, onganji. 



^afe, onevo. 

Afterwards, yu. 

Again, oluvali. 

Aged, v. s., kuka, vamba. 

Aggregation (of beans in hole in 

a game), ohuti. 
Agile, v. s., panguluka. 
^4z7, v. a., lenalena. 
Aim, v. a., taneha, yandava, li- 

kundika. 
Ajar, adj., pululi. 
Albino, ohasa. 
Algodao, ombini. 
Alien, adj., mane. 
All, adj., ha, si. 
Allegiance, v. a., sambiliya. 
Alligator, ongandu. 
Allure, v. a., yonja. 
Aloes, ocandala. 
Alone, adj., lika. 
^/j(7, kwenda, suff., vo, le-le. 
Alternate, v. a., suluhana. 
Always, haimo. 
Amass, v. a., lundika. 
Ambassador, omunga. 
Ambuscade, v. a., lavekela. 
Ancestor, kukululu. 
Ancient, adj., ale. 
Ancient times, osiahulu. 
And, la. 
Anger, onyeno, ocipemene, oci- 

kumbiti. 
Angleworm, esunjulu. 
Angry, v. s., tema, lunguluka. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Animal, ocinyama. 

(Names of animals, English 

name unascertained, onjili, 

olundumba, ohwiu, ohoha, on- 

jui, ocinene.) 
Ankle sprain, onengo. 
Annoy, v. a., kuma. 
Anoi?it one's self, v. a., wava. 
Anoint another, v. a., waveka. 
Answer, v. a., kumbulula. 
Ant, army-, ocisonde. 
Ant, black, olunjinje, ocingwi, 

ocisumbututu. 
Ant, kinds of, onguni, eswa. 
Ant eater, onjimbo. 
Antelope (large), onusi. 
Anthill, ocimu. 

Ant-structure (flat), ocimbandi. 
Anus, ongeya. 
Anvil, olukata. 
Appeal (to poison test), v. a., 

tukula (ombulungu). 
Appear, v. a., moneha. 
Appear suddenly, v. a., tukuluka. 
Appetite, oni, onu. 
Applaud, v. a., samba, limbu- 

lala. 
Apply (powder to sore), v. a., 

nyata. 
Appoint, tukula. 
Arc, elimba. 
Argue, v. a., ambulula. 
Arise, v. a., katuka, yeluka. 
Arm, okwoko. 



Arm, v. a., maleha. 

Armpit, ohapia. 

Arouse, v. a., pindula. 

Arrange, v. a., lulika, loleka. 

Arrest, v. a., pakula. 

Arrive, v. a., pitila. 

Arrogance, emande. 

Arrow, usongo, ocinyomba. 

Arrowhead (of shell), ocitawa. 

Artery, onjanju. 

Artisan, omesene. 

Ascend, v. a., lamana, kanduka. 

Ashes, etiko. 

Ask, v. a., pinga. 

Assemble, v. a., yongolola, liong- 

olola. 
Assembly, ocitenga. 
Assort, v. a., pungula. 
Asto?iished, v. s., saluka. 
Astonishment (interj. of), haka! 
^4/, ko. 

Auger, ovaluma, ocisongwi. 
Aunt, sohai. 
Aurora, ocinye. 
Authorize, v. a., yambisa. 
Avarice, ocipululu. 
Avoid trouble, v. a., punduluka. 
Await, v. a., talamena. 
Awake, v. a., pasuka. 
Awaken, v. a., pindula. 
Awkward, v. s., yaya. 
^#, ondiavite. 
^ (of Gangela), ocindambala. 



B. 



Baby, on an a. 

Back, onyima. 

Back (between shoulders), oka- 

talakumbi. 
Backacke, onofio. 
Backbiting, ocivonde, ocipungu. 
Backwards, ocinyimame. 
Bad, adj., mi, vi. 
Bad, v. s., viha, tangeleka. 



Bag, onjeke. 

Baldness, esenye, etoto ? 

Bale, ekupa. 

Bale (half-), ocitutula. 

Ball, ombunje, onumba. 

Bana7ia, ehondio. 

Band, olumbala. 

Bark, ocipetapeta, olunjula. 

Bark, v. a., kwa. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



5 



Barren, osisu. 

Barrenness, olutimi. 

Barrete, olupusa. 

Barrow (swine), onongola. 

Basket, ohumba. 

Basket (packed and covered), 

ongandala. 
Basket (small), etamina. 
Basket (twig), uhamba. 
Basket (wallet-like), ungwangwa. 
Bat (large), elima. 
Bat (small), olundulili. 
Battle, onjanga. 
Battle-ax, ekuva. 
Be, v. s., kala, kasi, li. 
Be about to, v. s., laika. 
Bead, ekwalali. 
Beads, okasongu. 
Beads (string of), olundimbo. 
Beak, uliungu. 
Beam, ohangalo. 
Beans, ocipoke, ocimbelia. 
Beans (hulled), onengu. 
Beans (late crop of), omombo. 
Beans (a small kind), ohale. 
Beans (a large kind), ocing- 

wanda. 
Beans (a kind of), okatiamba. 
Beans (white), ocipoke cakalu- 

wanda. 
Beans (black), ocipoke conoloti. 
Beans (yellow), ocipoke cengole. 
Beans (yellowish-green), ocipoke 

cengundumbwa. 
Beans (red), ocipoke cakamum- 

wa. 
Beans (speckled), ocipoke cako- 

ndombolo. 
Bear (give birth), v. a., cita, 

fevela. 
Bear (fruit), v. a., ima. 
Beard, olonjele. 
Beat, v. a., tipula, tatula, tendu- 

la, papula. 
Beauty, ocilamba. 



Beauty (a), onumbu, 

Because, mekonda. 

Beckon, v. a., payula. 

Bed, ula. 

Bed (under-the-), onali. 

Bedbug, oluhiso. 

Bedclothes, ociyalo. 

Bee, olunyihi. 

"Bee" (a raising, etc.), onjo- 

luka. 
Bee-hive tree, onala. 
Bee-hive (half of), onali. 
Beer, ocimbombo. 
Beer (one day old), ocisangwa. 
Beer (two days old), ocimbombo 

cokapata. 
Beer (made with mandioc meal), 

utepa. 
Beer (large gourd of), epopo. 
Beetle (a large black), ocingwe. 
Befit, v. a., sesama. 
Beg, v. a., lomba, pinga, eya, 

luva. 
Beggar, eseku, ongeyi. 
Beggary, ocipato. 
Begging, ocilumba, ocikukulu, 

olukoko. 
Begin, v. a., fetika, valeka. 
Beginning, ocivaleko. 
Begrudge, v. a., taneha. 
Behead, v. a., samba, topola, ka- 

kula. 
Belch, v. a., tociwe. 
Believe, v. a., tava. 
Bell, eyundu, ongunga, ongenjo. 
Bellow, v. a., vandala, koma. 
Bellows, uyeveyo. 
Belly, imo. 
Bench, omangu. 
Bend, v. a., penga. 
Besides, kwenda. 
Betrothed woman, ombutulwa. 
Bevy, ocipumbulu. 
Bewail, v. a., tamina. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Bewitch^ v. a., Iowa, liangula, 
sunga, siiiana. 

Biceps, okamukumuku. 

Bird, onjila. 

(Names of birds, their English 
names unascertained, ongolo- 
lo, etalu, eliangunju, ocinjan- 
jo, evimbi, ocinyoi, omwipvvi, 
ondonga, omupwi, onyange, 
ocoko, evula, uvomba.) 

Bit, ocinyanyo. 

Bite, v. a., lumana. 

Bitter, adj., lula. 

Black, adj., tekama. 

Blackguard, ocimbondo. 

Blacksmith, ocivinda. 

Bladder, ocipotolwa, ocipapo. 

Blade (back of), ongenge. 

Blanket, onyimi. 

Blaze (trees), v. a„ hana. 

Bleat, v. a., veva. 

Blessed, v. s., sumunuha. 

Blindman, omeke. 

Blister, eyuya. 

Block, onjanju. 

Blockade, ohulunguta. 

Blockhead, ocitende, ocitumbe. 

Blood, osonde. 

Blossom, v. a., teleha. 

Blow (a hard), upatiwa. 

Blow (nose), v. a., pemba. 

Blow otit chaffs etc., v. a., pepe- 
la. 

Blow the fire, etc., v. a., pepele- 
la, sunga. 

Blow from the hand, etc., v. a., 
yula. 

Bludgeon, ohunya. 

Blunder, v. a., tatama, lituko- 
vvaila. 

Blunderer, ocitatami, ocimbwa- 
huku. 

Blur, v. a., iianana. 

Boa-constrictor, omoma. 

Board, evaya. 



Boasting, olonambelo. 

Boat, owato, upungu, ombaluku. 

Body, etimba. 

Boil, ocilenda, oluanga, omb- 

umbu. 
Boil, v. a., felula. 
Bold, v. s., lukuta. 
Bolt, oholanganjo. 
Bone, ekepa. 

Bo7ifire, elulu, elungulungu. 
Border on, v. a., sungwela. 
Bore, a, ondumbu, ombangvve. 
Bore, v. a., tiena, tomboja, tiki- 

tiya. 
Bother, v. a., luahanisa. 
Bottle, ongalafa, epindi. 
Bottlefly, olumbemba. 
Bottom, emi. 
Bough, ocisapa. 
Bow, ohonji. 

Bow (musical), ombumbumba. 
Bow, v. a., petama, nyonama. 
Bow-knot, ekai. 
Bowstring, oluhonji, olusipa. 
Boy, umanehe, okwenju. 
Box, ocikasa. 
Bracelet, ocinunga. 
Brag, v. a., yanga, lipanda, tamb- 

ela, liana. 
Braid, e torn be. 
Braid, v. a., vinda, putika. 
Braids, z\gzzg, okanamina. 
Brain, owoiio. 
Brake, ocinyene. 
Bran, utumbu. 
Brass, ongula. 
Brawl, ema. 
Brawl, v. a., litina. 
Brawler, onjake. 
Brazen, v. s., yawula. 
Bread, ombolo. 

Bread (mandioc-), ocikwamba. 
Break, v. a., teka, tepa, teya, 

soyoka, tamwa. 
Breakfast, ongau. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Breast-bone, onete. 

Breath, omwenyo. 

Breathe, v. a., flma. 

Brew, v. a., kela. 

Bribe, ovituto. 

Bride, ondombwa. 

Bridge, eyao. 

Bring, v. a., nena. 

Brightness, ocinye. 

Broad, v. s., vanda. 

Broken down, v. s , tokoka, tu- 

nguka. 
Brook, oluwi. 
Broom, oluweyo. 
Brother (elder), ekota, huva. 
Brother (younger), manje, epa- 

langa. 
Brother-in-law, nawa. 
Bruise, ocipundukwa. 
Brush, ocisiota. 

Brush-fence, ongumbu, onganjo. 
Brush (dry and leafless), olune- 

lenge. 
Brush (small), ocisamo. 
Brush off flies, v. a., lipakutula. 
Brush teeth, v. a., kukusa. 
Bubble up, v. a., tumboka. 
Buffalo, ongelenge. 



Buffoon, ocova. 

Bug, epuka. 

Build,*v. a., tunga. 

Bulb (an edible), olusaka. 

Bulge, v. a., siopoka. 

Bullet, ombole, olusolo. 

Bumblebee, elinilini. 

Bung, ekumbo. 

Bungler, utanda. 

Burn, v. a., timiha, lununa (int.). 

Burn (early), v. a., vawila. 

Burrow, elungi, ututa. 

Burst, v. a., tuika. 

Bury, v. a., kenda. 

Bush, a, okawiyawiya. 

Business, ocipinduko. 

Busy, v. s., luahana. 

But, pwai. 

Butt, etaku. 

Butter, ongundi. 

Butterfly, ocimbiambiulu. 

Button, ombotao. 

Buy, v. a., landa, sumbisa, pa- 

vula, paula. 
Buying, ondando. 
Buzz, valala. 
Buzzard, ohokahoka. 



C. 



Cage, ocambo. 

Calamity, ocipo. 

Calf, onani. 

Call, v. a., kavenga, kosala, tu- 

kula, kalela. 
Call for, v. a., pitula. 
Calm, v. s., tululuka. 
Camp, ocilombo. 
Can, olata. 

Cane, ombweti, ongiti, epangati. 
Cannon, etenda. 
Canter, v. a., kandula. 
Cap, ekofwe, olupusa. 
Capital, ombala. 
Caravan, endo, omaka. 



Careless, v. s., ekelela. 

Caress, ekwenje. 

Carrier, ongamba. 

Carry, v. a., ambata, tuta, twa- 

la, yenja, pakata, veleka. 
Carry child on back, v. a., vele- 

ka, vevela. 
Carve, v. a~, kondola. 
Cast away, v. a,, inasi. 
Castrate, v. a., sova, tongola. 
Castrated, adj., sove. 
CVz/, kalenge, ongatu. 
Catarrh, ocisinda. 
Catch, v. 3.., ponda. 
Cat-fish, ondombe* 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Cause, ohasa. 

Cause, v. a., koka. 

Caution, v. a., lunga, lungula. 

Cave, eleva. 

Cease, v. a., imuha. 

Centipede, ongongola. 

Chafe, v. a., kwekesa. 

Chafed spot, olandikeswa. 

Chain, elienge. 

Chain, v. a., pangela. 

Chair, ocalu. 

Chameleon, elenaino. 

Chapel, etambo, etanda. 

Characteristic, onoha. 

Charcoal, ulombo. 

Charge (fee), v. a., sila. 

Charm, (fetish), owanga, umb- 

anda. 
Cheap, v. s., lenena. 
Cheat, v. a., liana, wunja, 

fumba. 
Cheating, eliano. 
Cheek, etama. 
Cheese, oheyo. 
Chest, onulo. 
Chew, v. a., takina, wayonga, 

litakuna. 
Chicken, ocivuvu. 
Chieftain, osoma. 
Child, omona, ocisembe, onusi, 

utila. 
Chin, ociyeli. 
Chip, osonge. 
Choke, v. a., kwena, nemuna, 

tununya. 
Choking, ekone, 
Choose, v. a., nona. 
Chop, v. a., timbula, lepola. 
Chopping-bowl, ocimanda. 
Circle, evalo, ongombo, ocisuku, 

ocingandambele. 
Circle, v. a., nwana. 
Circlet, ulame. 
Circu?ncise, v. a., seva. 
Circumciser, ongwe. 



Circumcision, evamba. 

Clap, omandu. 

Clap, v. a., pandula, samba, 

sangata. 
Clasp fingers, v. a., kotika. 
Claw, ekasa. 
Clay, otuma, 
Claypit, ocima. 
Clean, v. s., yela. 
Clear away bits, v. a., yuwula. 
Clear land, v. a., simba. 
Clerk, ukwambeli. 
Climb, v. a., londa. 
C7<w up, v. a., sitika, sitikila. 
Cloth, onanga. 
Cloth (blue cotton), onolote. 
Cloth (white cotton), ombini. 
Cloth (black), olutu. 
Cloth (stout), ocikapa, okan- 

jengo, ondondo. 
Cloth (scant wearing-), ociland- 

ala. 
Cloth (for carrying child), ocive- 

leko. 
Cloth (scrap of), etesu. 
Cloth (half yard), ukeya. 
Cloth (one and half yard), ombi- 

lami. 
Cloth (four yards of), elasola. 
Cloth (five and a half yards), oci- 

kuyuyu, ocimbeka. 
Clothes (girding of), etangola. 
Clothes (girded), ondambo 
Clothing, uwalo. 
Cloud, elende. 
Cloudiness, ocituto. 
Cloudless, v. s., peluka. 
Clouds, sirrous, kahukai. 
Cloudy, v. s., livembika. 
Clout, onjumbu. 
Clown, ocova. 
Club, onjilima. 
Club, v. a., tipula, patula, kan- 

ja. 
Clue, ukoka. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Coaly ekala. 

Coat, ocikuto, ocinjena. 

Cob, epumbu. 

Cobble, v. a., konja. 

Cock, v. a., alumana. 

Cold, ocikakula, ocitemba, omb- 

ambi. 
Collapse, v. a., vulukuta. 
Collect, v. a., ongolola, kongola. 
Collector, ongungu. 
Color, ocivalo. 
Comb, opendo. 

Comb, v, a., samona, likwalula. 
Come, v. a., iya, enju (defective). 
Come promptly, v. a., limeneha. 
CWz^ ^f, /^/ztf, v. a., sokoka. 
C^w*? ta surface, v. a., tumbulu- 

ka. 
Cominandment, uhandeleko. 
Common, adj., no. 
Communicate, v. a., paninya. 
Company, a, ocitenga, ocitenga- 

sola. 
Compel, v. a., pilika. 
Compost, ombolela. 
Compound, osongo. 
Comrade, ekamba. 
Conceal, v. a., yombeka. 
Condemn, v, a., vila. 
Conduct, v. a., sindika. 
Confound, v. a., pwisa. 
Conjuration, omindi, omindu. 
Connect (words), v. a., pandeki- 

sa. 
Connection (of words), ocipande- 

kelo, ocipandekiso. 
Conspiracy, ungalu, uswanji. 
Construct, v. a., tunga. 
Consumption, ocitiakata. 
Contagion, ohe. 
Contemn, v. a., tomba. 
Contemporary, ukula, meswe. 
Conte?npt, enyina. 
Continue, v. a., tongeka. 
Control (self-), v. a., lisuvika. 



Convalescent, ongongolokota. 
Conversation, ohango, ulongo. 
Converse, v. a., vangula. 
Convicted (by poison-test), v. s., 

nunga. 
6tf0/£, v. a., teleka, seva. 
CW, v. s., pola. 
Co-operation, ocisoko. 
CVW, ombanja. 
Cork, ekumbo. 
Corn, epungu. 
Corn (shelled), epungu lioswai, 

liolomema. 
Corn (unshelled), epungu liomb- 

ototo. 
Corn (dwarf), okateta. 
Corn (green), ocikanya. 
Corn (hard), ocitiva, ohendi. 
Corn (small allowance of), oka- 

cocolo. 
Corn (soaked), ofule. 
Corn (worm-eaten), ohunji. 
Corn (blasted), ocitina. 
Corn (parched), olukango. 
Corn (hilled row of), ocipanga. 
Corn crib, osila, ocisiete. 
Corner, evindi, esusu. 
Corn stalk, enge. 
Corn tassel, ocisangu. 
Cornworm, ocingusa. 
Corpse, ocivimbi, onambi. 
Corral, ocunda, osambo, oci- 

manga. 
Costly, v. s., tina. 
Cotton, uteli, unganji. 
Cough, v. a., kosola. 
Count, v. a., tenda. 
Country, ofeka. 
Courage, ocikene. 
Cousin, upalume. 
Cover, onuviko. 
Cover, v. a., tuvika, saika. 
Covet, v. a., livela, palukuta. 
Covetousness, ocipululu. 
Covey, ocipumbulu. 



IO 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Cow, onjindi. 

Coward, eliungu, esumba, on- 

junjuvia. 
' Crack in gourd, uteleli. 
Crack, v. a., tendeka. 
Crazy bone, ohokolwa. 
Creep, v. a., yaila. 
Cramp, ocikatalamba, ohukai. 
Craving, onu. 

Cricket, ocinjulolo, ocienye. 
Crier, ndaka. 
Crime, ekandu, ongole, ocinjo- 

ko, ocitusi. 
Crisp, v. s., siva. 
Crock, onjolombia. 
Crook in path, ohondo; 
Crop (abundant), ocisipo. 
Crop (early), onjangala. 
Crop of fowl, esasa. 
Cross (copper Maltese), om- 

wambo. 
Cross sticks, v. a., pimbilika. 
Cross feet or hands, v. a., pindi- 

kisa. 
Cross-roads, anyaha. 
Crow, ocikwamanga. 
Crowbar, ongisi, omese. 
Crowd, evanda, evumba. 



Crowd, v. a., lisinda, teya. 
Cry, v. a., lila, liyula, kaluka, 

kalela, lula. 
Crush, v. a., sopola, kangala. 
Crushed, v. s., nyoneha. 
Crust, ohume, ekoko. 
Crutch, ocimangu, omango, oci- 

mambu. 
Cud, ekambi. 
Cuff, olukusi. 
Cultivate, v. a., lima. 
Cup, okopu. 
Cup, v. a., semiha. 
Cupper, olusemo. 
Cure, v. a., ilula, sakula. 
Curve, elimba. 
Curve, v. a., lipeteka. 
Cushio7i, epete. 

Custom, ocilimu, ocasu, ocitwa. 
Cut, v. a., teta, kondola. 
Cut diagonally, teta onganda. 
Cut squarely, teta ongamba. 
Cut up meat, v. a., sasa, ongolo- 

la. 
Cut off, v. a., tetulula. 
Cut in middle, v. a., tandula. 
Cut grass, v. a., kelula. 



D. 



Damage, v. a., nyona. 
Damager, ongeli, ocinyoi. 
Dance (names of), ocimbund- 

ianga, ondiandia, onjomba, on- 

jamba. 
Dance, v. a., cina, piluka. 
Dandruff, ocipanji. 
Dark, adj., tekama. 
Darken, v. a., vindikiya. 
Darkness, owalema. 
Dawdle, v. a., kotola. 
Day, eteke, plu., oloneke. 
Day (cloudy), ocituto, ocitembo. 
Day before yesterday, hen any a. 
Day after tomorrow, henanya. 



Dazzling, adj., fiena. 

Deadfall, ociliva. 

Dearth, ohangolo. 

Death-blow, ongambu. 

Debt, ofuka. 

Debtor (fugitive), ocimbakati. 

Deception, eliano. 

Decree, olukwambi. 

Deep, v. s., longa. 

Deer, ombambi. 

Delay, etateko. 

Delay, v. a., tateka. 

Demand, v. a., pilika. 

Demolished, v. s., tunguka. 

Denial, olunatoma. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



II 



Deny, v. a., likala. 

Depart, v. a., tunda. 

Deploy, v. a., tanda, lisanumuna. 

Deposit, v. a., tula. 

Descend, v. a., tuluka, lumuha. 

Descent, utolo. 

Desire, onjongola. 

Desire, v. a., yongola, petia. 

Despise, v. a., tima, tomba. 

Destroy, v. a., nyanyuna. 

Destroyer, ongeli. 

Devil, eliapu. 

Devise mischief, v. a., pukula. 

Z^w, olume. 

Dewlap, utongo. 

Diagonally, onganda. 

Diaphragm, ondeke. 

Diarrhoea, ocipulukala. 

Dicker, v. a., sila. 

Die, v. a., fa, taka. 

Differ, v. a., kambuka. 

Difficult, adj.? mwiya. 

Z>^, v. a,, senda, fena, tokola, 

vembulula. 
Dig in ribs, v. a., milula. 
Dilemma (to be in), v. s., tata. 
Dinner, onanya. 
Dip out, v. a., tepulula, swa, 

kombolola. 
Dirty, v. s., wunda, sina. 
Disagree, v. a., kambuka, liso- 

kela. 
Disappear, v. a., nyenena. 
Discharge, v. a., pepula. 
Discover by questioning children 

or strangers, v. a., puliliya. 
Discuss, v. a., tana. 
Disease, uveli. 
Disease marked by swollen legs, 

ocikula. 
Dish (flat wooden), ocilindo. 
Disinclination, eselula. 
Dislike, ocipombo. 
Dislike, v. a., suvuka, nyana, li- 

sola. 



Dislocated, v. s., fomoha. 
Disobedience, etombo, unye, ahu- 

ku. 
Disobedient person, ocimbwahu- 

ku. 
Disobey, v. a., huka, hina, sina. 
Disorder, ema. 
Dispatch, ombile. 
Dispatch, v. a., katula. 
Disperse, v. a., lipundulula. 
Displeasure, ekuma. 
Dispute, v. a., yuela, kondela. 
Disrespectful person, uswi. 
Dissemble, v. a., pipilika. 
Distant, adj., pan a. 
Distribute \ v. a., tombola, nyen- 

Distrust, v. a., lisuvilika, lihai- 

ka. 
Ditch, ocitunu, ekuna. 
Divide, v. a., lienjela. 
Divine, v. a., siakata. 
Dizziness, onjile. 
/}#, v. a., linga. 
Doctor, ocimbanda. 
Doctor, v. a., sakula, yukumwi- 

na. 
Dog, ombwa. 
Done, v. s., pia. 
Door, epito. 
Doorway, uvelo. 
Doubt, olunatoma, olunamalala. 
Doubt, v. a., patana. 
Doubter, onatoma. 
Dove, opomba. 
Drain, ekuna. 
Draw on, v. a., koka. 
Draw (sketch), v. a., luvikiya. 
Draw in cheeks, v. a., pweya. 
Draw in diaphragm, v. a., leka. 
Dream, onjoi. 
Dream, v. a., twenjoi. 
Dress, esanya. 

Dressed (be well-), v. s., posoka. 
Drink, v. a., nua, yuvila. 



12 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Drive, v. a., vinga, senga, pula, 

tieka, cocuisa. 
Drone, ocisie. 
Drop, etosi. 

Drop, v. a., pesela, kupula. 
Dropsy, ongunge. 
Drought, etenya. 
Drover, ungombo. 
Drowsiness, otulo. 
Drowsy, v. s., peketa. 
Drum, kinds of, onoma, ocingu- 

fu, endingu, ohenjengo, unjili. 
Drumstick, ekasalume. 



Drunk, v. s., kolwa. 
Drunken person, oholwa. 
Dry, v. a., nyaneha. 
Dry, v. s., kukuta. 
Dry season, okwenye. 
Duck, opato. 
Dung, onine, etupa, eyaki, 

etonda. 
Dunner, utondwa. 
Dust, eve, oneketela. 
Dustiness, eseku. 
Dwarf, okaholototo. 



Each, ongongo. 

Eagle (kinds of), okapamba, 

ulombo. 
Ear, etwi (of corn), esa. 
Earnest, v. s., sangatela. 
Earring, ocingelengele. 
Earth, eve. 

Earth colored with iron, ocikole. 
Easy, vv s., leluka. 
Eat, v. a., lia, makela, sapa, 

tonga, mifia, velela, liyava. 
Echo, ocileni. 
Eel, onyohasi. 
Egg, esaela. 
Eight, ecinana. 
Elbow, epongopongo. 
Elder, ukulu. 
Elephant, onjamba. 
Elepha7itiasis, upandi. 
Embers, olutukuta. 
Embrace, v. a., ondeka, likond- 

ika. 
Emerge, v. a., kanduluka, tuku- 

luka. 
Empower, v. a., yambisa. 
Empty, adj., polokoso. 
E?npty, v. a., sukumuna. 
Encamp, v. a., lala, sasala. 
End (small), osungu. 
End, v. a., fulila. 



Ended, v. s., lembuka. 

Enmity, ocilunga. 

Enslave one's self, v. a., litumbi- 

ka. 
Entangle, v. a., litanga. 
Entertain, v. a., poka. 
Enthrone, v. a., viateka. 
Entice, v. a., yonja. 
Envy, oluiso, onya, ocipenye. 
Epilepsy, ocinonya. 
Equal, v. s., soka. 
Equal and equal, sokolasoko. 
Equality, esoko. 
Escape, v. a., puluka, pusuluka, 

futuka. 
Exactly so, ocoeci. 
Exaggerate, v. a., ndunduminya. 
Examine, v. a., tuwula, lengula. 
Excavate, v. a., vembulula. 
Excel, v. a., piana. 
Excellent, adj., mbote, omboyo, 

wa. 
Exchange, v. a., suluhana. 
Exclamation of surprise, Apwe ! 
Exculpate, v. a., limbikila. 
Excuse one's self, v. a., limbikila. 
Executor, ombetetela. 
Exhausted, v. s., pwa. 
Expect, v. a., lavoka. 
Explain, v. a., lombolola. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



13 



Expose a lie, v. a., limbulula, 
kembulula. 

Express astonishment by click, 
v. a., sonya. 

Extinguish, v. a., em a. 

Extract, v. a., lipendusula, si tu- 
la. 

European, onjungu, ocikwaputu. 



Evaporate, v. a., takata. 
Evening, ongolosi. 
Evenmg star, tanda. 
Evil doer, ondingavivi. 
Eye, iso. 

Eye (blind), onende. 
Eyelashes, ovisokopia. 
Eyes (sunken), ovitukululu. 



F. 



Faded, v. s., kunguka. 
Faggots, olosisi. 
Fail to get, v. a., swangela. 
Fail to penetrate, v. a., tuna. 
Fall, v. a., loka, lana, fukuka, 

salomoha, wa, patusuka, yend- 

ula, langala. 
Fallen, v. s., kunduka, kupuka. 
Falsetto, ohanganjo. 
Family, epata. 
Fan, v. a., tieka. 
Farewell (bid), v. a., langa. 
Fasten, v. a., pandeka. 
T^tf, ulela, osenje, ocilenga, 

elenda. 
Fat, v. s., neta. 
Father (my), tate. 
Father (your), so. 
Father (his), isia, se (in Oviye). 
Father-in-law, ondatembo. 
Fathom, epeka. 
Fault, ocinjoko, ohasa. 
Favor, osungo. 
Fear, usumba, ongweli. 
Fear, v. a., sumba. 
Feast, v. a., hinda, sake] a. 
Feather, enya. 

Feather arrow, v. a., lumbila. 
Feather head-dress, osala. 
Feathers of neck (curling), oci- 

lenge. 
Fee, onganda, owombo, 
Feed, v. a., tekula, lisa. 
Feign ignorance, v. a., limbika. 
Feign to give, v. a., sombisa. 



Female, ontange, ocivenje. 
Ferment, v. a., yayaela. 
Festival, epinanyo, ocisunji. 
Fetch water, v. a., tapa. 
Fetch firewood, v. a., tiana. 
Fetish, ocihemba. 
Fever (African), ombambi. 
Fiddle, okaceke. 
Field, epia. 

Field (abandoned), ocipembe. 
Field (burnt), omiapiulu. 
Field under cultivation, ocisoso, 

omundi. 
Field (dug-), ongunda. 
Fierceness, omanya. 
Fig (wild), olundembanga. 
Fight, v. a., lua. 
Fig-tree (wild), ulemba. 
File of warriors, oh oka. 
Fill, v. a., yukisa, vembika, 

lembika. 
Filthiness of person, eseku. 
Find, v. a., alula, sanga. 
Fine, etevo. 
Fine, adj., mbote. 
Fine, v. a., sila. 
Finger, omwina. 
Finger, v. a., kakayala. 
Finger-nail, olunjala. 
Finish, v. a., mana, mosula, po- 

tolola. 
Finished, v. s., pwa, lembuka. 
/#/v, ondalu. 

Fire (light aline of), v. a., konda. 
Fire-dry, v. a., lelika. 



14 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Fire-fly, oniti. 

Fireless, owima. 

Fireplace, iko, ociko. 

Firm, v. s., lamanana, kola. 

Firstborn, epanga. 

Fish, olusi, ombisi. 

Fish (kinds of), ondepwe, epon- 

de, ohunga. 
Fish, v. a., lova. 
Fisherman, ulovi. 
Fish-poiso7i, ulu. ■ 
Fist, onuku. 
Fit, v. a., swa. 
Five, tanu. 
Fizz, v. a., cuca. 
Fizzle out, v. a., kanya. 
Flames (leaping), ulienge. 
Flap, v. a., papa, tatula. 
Flash (lightning), v. a., liakula. 
Flash in pan, v. a., ponya. 
Flea, onambwa. 
Flee, v. a., tila. 
Flight, ehuma. 
Float, v. a., telela. 
Flood, etandi. 
Floor, ukala. 

Flounder, v. a., tingoloka. 
Flower, oneneho. 
Flower (arbutus-like), okang- 

ungu. 
Flower-honey, ocisepesepe. 
Flute, olombendo. 
Flutter, v. a., valala, tikanyala, 

pupa. 
Fly, olunye. 

Fly (kind of), ohomono. 
Fly, v. a., panana, telela. 
Foam, efelefele. 
Fog, ombundu. 
Fold, v. a., keteka, vaka. 
Follow, v. a., kwama, vvula. 
Food, olondia, okulia. 
Fool, eveke, etumu, ocindindi, 

ocindendembunda, ocisela. 
Foolish, v. s., topa, vulwa, lava. 



Foolishness, oiununga, owova. 
Foot, omai. 
Forage, huka. 
Ford, onjiva. 
Ford, v. a., yoka. 
Forehead, ocipala, ocikumo. 
Forehead (corner of), etendela. 
Forenoon (about 10 A. M.), ocita- 

kumbi. 
Forest, esisi. 

Forest (edge of), etumba. 
Forge, v. a., tela, tesa. 
Forget, v. a., ivala. 
Forgetfulness, onjiva, owiva. 
Fort, ombonge. 
Fortunate, v. s., sumunuha. 
Forward, v. s., yawula. 
Four, kwana. 
Fowl, osanje. 
Fox, ombulo. 
Freeman, omonamani. 
Friend, ekamba, ukamba. 
Friendship, ocika. 
Friendship, to make, v. a., 

handa. 
Frightened, v. s., salama, salu- 

ka. 
Fringe, olunjenje, ocitina. 
From, ko. 

Frost, ocikokoto, ocivava. 
Froth, efelefele. 
Frown, onyanya. 
Fruit, epako. 
Fruit (kinds of), ocingwi, olunu- 

tu, epole, olumwinyo, osas- 

ambia, ominana. 
Fry, v. a., kanga. 
Frying-pan, osanyu, ociyo. 
Fuel, olohwi. 

Fugitive, ocisusu, ombule. 
Full, v. s., yuka. 
Fungus, a, ocipumiti. 
Funnel, oluswakeko. 
Funny-man, ocinjawe. 
Fussiness, efiyo, ongondo. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



15 



G. 



Gabble, v. a., elonga, yuela. 

Gabbler, elonga, ukwelonga. 

Gall, ondulu. 

Gallop, v. a., kandula. 

Game (a kind of), ocela. 

Gap where tooth is gone, epunyo. 

Garden, ocumbo. 

Garden-bed, upanga, ocisevo. 

Gargle, kalala. 

Garlic, ayu. 

Garment, uwalo. 

Garment (one who wears scant), 

ohombe. 
Garner, v. a., lombola, huka. 
Gash in tree, ocimbo. 
Gash, v. a., topola. 
Gate, ombundi. 
Gate (main-), epandavelo. 
Gate-board, ocikuli. 
Gather (of thunder clouds), 

v. a., kenduka. 
Gather together, v. a., yongolola. 
" Gather " a cloth, v. a., panya. 
Gathering (a social), evango. 
Generosity, otembo. 
Gesture, v. a., tekola. 
Gift, ocali, ombanjele, ohata. 
Giraffe, onduli. 
Gird tip clothes, v. a., lambela, 

lambikiya. 
Girl, ufeko. 
Girdle, uya. 
Give, v. a., ava, avela, yiha, li- 

sokiya, keta, tangula. 
Give heed to instruction, v. a., 

kutanga. 
Give still-birth, v. a., pamuna. 
GYw out, v. a., tokoka, tamwa. 
Giver, ongavi. 
Gizzard, ukutu. 
Gladden, v. a., ikisa. 
Gladness, onjolela. 
Glutton, ocilianu, ocisapi. 



Gluttony, etango. 

Gnash, v. a., likeleteta. 

£«#/, okamomona, onju. 

Gnazv com, v. a., kanya. 

(S^z/, ekundu. 

£0, v. a., enda, pita, vinjuka, 

panda, popolola. 
Go around, v. a., nwana. 
6*^ as far as, v. a., fulila. 
6"<? different roads, v. a., linya- 

hana. 
Go fro7n one to another, v. a., 

sambukila. 
£0 zVz peace, v. a., likayela. 
£0 slowly, v. a., livala, omboka, 

keka. 
Goat, ohombo. 
Goat (buck-), oselenge. 
God, Suku. 
Goitre, esasa. 
Gone, v. s., pwa. 
Gong, elunga. 
Good, adj., wa. 
Good-night, utekeo. 
Goods, ovipako, ovikwata, owen- 

ji, ocimena. 
Gorge, usitu. 
Gouge, v. a., tika. 
Gourd, ombenji, ocikungu, ong- 

anja, ocipupa. 
Gourd (fragment of), ociwa. 
Gourd (to trim a), v. a., konda. 
Govern, v. a., viala, tumina. 
Grace, ocali. 

Grain (a mustard-like), oluku. 
Grandson, onekulu. 
Grandparent, kuku. 
Grasp at, v. a., kwatelela. 
Grass, owongu. 
Grass (young), onjombia, on- 

jambolo, onjundi. 
Grass (spear of), esinde. 



i6 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY, 



Grass (kinds of), etepa, osoka, 

omopa, esuku, etetele, utete- 

li, onombo. 
Grasshopper (kinds of ),oluhuma, 

okelombo, ocimina, ongwe- 

paipa. 
Grass-mat, ombandula. 
Grater, osiopa, elola. 
Grave, elangalo, eyambo, ombila, 
Gravel, ohalakata. 
Gravy, usoli. 
Grease, ulela, osenje. 
Grease toes, v. a., lemuna. 
Great, v. s., kola, pendeya. 
Greed, ohatu, oluiso, esongo, 

onjumbi. 
Greedy, v. s., sukatula, ungula. 
Green, ovalete. 
Grey, adj., vumbula. 
Grimace, opaikununa. 
Grimace, v. a., mwena. 
Grind, v. a., seka, pala. 
Grindstone, elepi. 
Grits, oloseke, osisi. 
Grope, v. a., papata, puputa. 



Ground, osi. 

Ground (bare), olumbandi. 

Ground (broken), ociwala. 

Grove, etumba. 

Grow, v. a., kula. 

Growl, ocivungu. 

Grub (a kind of), esenda. 

Gruel, ekela. 

Grunt, v. a., kumba, likenya. 

Grunter, a, ohuminya. 

Guard, v. a., lava. 

Guava, olungayawa. 

Guava-tree, ongayawa. 

Guest, ukombe, 

Guide, osongwi, onjalu. 

Guide, v. a., songola. 

Guinea-fowl, ohanga. 

Gullet, osingo. 

Gttm, ekokoto. 

Gun, uta, plu. ovota. 

Gun-barrel, elove. 

Gun-cover, okapa. 

Gunpowder, ofundanga. 

Gust of wind, epuku. 

Gut, ena, plu. ovana. 



H. 



Habit, ocitwa. 

Hades, okalunga. 

Hail, ociwe. 

Hair, ocifuko, ocingonya, ocisa- 

me, ociviovio, ocisinga, 

epunga. 
Hair, a white, olumbi. 
Hair in armpit, ocinonya. 
Hair of body, oluvi. 
Hair-dressing (styles of), eleng- 

ula, ungwanja. 
Half, ombanda, onele. 
Hammer, usonjolo, onjundo. 
Hamper, uhamba. 
Hand, eka. 
Hand (right), ondio. 
Hand (left), epini. 
Hand, v. a., eca. 



Handcuff, ukumbi. 
Handle, ocikundo. 
Handle (worthless hoe-), ociku- 

lupi. 
Ha7tdle, v. a., kakayala. 
Hang up, v. a., pateka. 
Hard, adj., pweketa. 
Harvest, v. a., lombola. 
Hash, v. a., kesa. 
Hasheesh, epangwe. 
Haste, onanga, onyanyu, onikila, 

ocipombala, omamasa. 
Hasten, v. a., simbaluka, tiku- 

lula. 
Hate, ifiani. 
Have, v. a., kwete. 
Hawk (and spit), v. a., kolomo- 

na. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



17 



He, eye. 

Head, utwi. 

Head of caravan, uhando. 

Head downwards (be with), v. 

s., vongola. 
Head-dress, ocifuto. 
Headsman, ocisambo. 
Heap, ondunda. 
Heap, v. a., lundika. 
Hear, v. a., yeva. 
Heart, utima. 
Heartburn, ocikumbu. 
Heat, owuya. 

Heat (reflex earth-),owambembe. 
Heat water, v. a., yaleka. 
Heavy, adj., lema. 
Heavy, v. s., koma. 
Hedge, v. a., saika. 
Heel, ocisende. 
Help, v. a., kwatisa, kutula. 
Helper, ukwocisoko. 
Helve, v. a., songela. 
Hemp, epangwe. 
Hen, osanje, ekuwe. 
Hen (wild), ongwali. 
Herald, ndaka. 
Here (both of space and time), 

ulo. 
Here, adv., palo. 
Heron, epanda. 
Hesitate, v. a., sumasuma. 
Zfew, v. a., pasa. 
Hiccough, okasukusuku. 
Hide, ombandwa. 
Hide, v. a., nyumila, yepa. 
Highwayman, okaminyu, oci- 

mbokoto. 
Hill, elundu. 
Hill com, v. a., supila. 
Hire, v. a., puninya. 
//#, v. a., asa. 
Hive, onde. 

/?&/<? (half of), ociyula. 
Hoe, etemo, ekula, esomo. 



Hoe, v. a., sonjola, supila, ko- 

kola. 
Hog (wild), onguluvi. 
Hogshead, omundu. 
Hold clothes out of mud, v. a., 

koya. 
Hold in lap, v. a., angata. 
Hole, ocitunu, epangu, ututa. 
Hole (in river), elondo, etamba. 
Hollow (small basin-like), ocin- 

janja. 
Homage (to do), v. a., sambiliya. 
Honiesickness, ongeva. 
Honey, owiki, esima. 
Hoof, ekonjo, olusakato. 
Hop, v. a., lukumwi. 
Hope for, v. a., lavoka. 
Hoi'izon, enyanama. 
Horn, ombinga. 
Hoi'ns (pair of), epamba. 
Hospitality, ohindikiso. 
House, on jo, epata. 
House (ruined), ocimama, oci- 

mungu, ocingululu. 
House (owner of, dead,) ocisiwe. 
How, ndati. 
How much, adj., nami. 
Hull, v. a., vandula, tonyoha. 
Hulls, utumbu. 
Humpback, onona. 
Hitng in fence, v. s., sukamena. 
Hitnger, onjala, omepe, omepe- 

lela, ocinjalambi, elambu. 
Htmger for meat, ohatu. 
Hunger, v. a., lambuka. 
Htcnt, onjevo, unyanga, 

ngwanya, ekanjo. 
Hunt, v. a., yeva, lengula. 
Hunter, ukongo, enyanga, upu- 

pa, ociyambi, onjaye. 
Hicrry, v. a., lenguluka, tikulu- 

la. 
Hurt, v. a., vala. 
Hush, v. a., liweka. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Husky ocipelekese. 
Husk, v. a., lombola, panda, 
sokwila. 



Huf f ekaka, osinge, ocipundo. 

Hut of chief , elombe. 
Hypocrite, on and a. 



I, ame. 

IdlenesSy ewi. 

Idol, ociteka, ombonya, ocinu- 

manuma. 
Ignorance, onumbi. 
Iguana, etatu. 
Imitate, v. a., setahana. 
Imitation, ocisetahai, olumapu. 
Immediately y ndopo. 
Importune* v. a., hoya, peya, pi- 

lika. 
Importunity, olupili. 
Impudence, ocipemene. 
Impudent, v. s., lukuta. 
Inaction, ewi. 

Incidental (an), ocisolososo. 
Incline, v. a., wuyuka. 
Incommode, v. a., luahanisa. 
Increase, v. a., vokiya, vandeka. 
Indecency, umbando. 
Indeed, conj., pwai. 
Indisposition, otuve. 
Infect, v. a., sambwisa. 
Influx, ekoka. 
Inhabitant of Bike, etc., oci- 

mbundu. 



Inherit, v. a., pinana. 
Inhospitable, epuku. 
Injury, undevi. 
Insist, v. a., hoya. 
Instigate* v. a., sivikiya. 
Instrument (a musical), ongula- 

mata, ocisanji. 
Insufficient, v. s., timbukila. 
Insult, v. a., leva, tondala, po- 

pia. 
Intelligible, adj., yevala. 
Intend, v. a., panena. 
Intensify, v. a., kolisa. 
Interference, osiata. 
Interrupt, v. a., sakalala. 
Intestine (the large), ongeya. 
Introduce, v. a., kunihisa. 
Invalid, uve. 
Invertedness, okatikitiki. 
Investigate, v. a., sosahanya. 
Invite., v. a., laleka. 
/;wz, utali, ocivela. 
/fc/2, olohana. 
ItcJi-medicine, omopo. 



j- 



y^w (lower), olombanjo. 

Jealousy y esepa. 

Jigger, ewundu, ocitakaya, oci- 

ndiundiu. 
Ji7igle, v. a., sasana. 
Jinglers, o m an j u e l a. 
Join, v. a., tokeka. 
Joining, ohongela. 
Joint, esokoluilo, ocingolongo- 

lo. 
Joke, v. a., mangala, sewula, 

sweyula 



Joker, ocinjawe. 

Jostle, v. a., teya, lisinda. 

Journey, olungenda. 

Jug, ombutika. 

Jump, enanga. 

Jump, v. a., lomboka, sombo- 

ka, felula, teha. 
Just (verbal suffix), -no. 
Justified, v. s., yovoka. 
Justify, v. a., ilika. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



19 



K. 



Keep) v. a., soleka. 
Keg, ongoleta, ocitutu. 
Kernel (under jaw, gland), 

okawiyawiya. 
Key, osapi. 
Kick, os an da. 
Kick, v. a., tusula, tanya. 
Kidney, olungela. 
Kill, v. a., yipa. 
Kindle, v. a., siakana. 
Kindness, ohenda. 
King, osoma. 
Kitchen, ociwo. 
Knead, v. a., inyata. 

Labor, ovonda. 

Laborer, ongunja, onjunda. 

Lacerate, v. a., takula. 

Lack, ohambi. 

Lack, v. a., kamba. 

Lagoon, okeve. 

Lake, ociva. 

Lame, v. s., tenena. 

Lame person, ocilema. 

Lame, v. a., lemeha. 

Land (dry), ongongo. 

La?zd between confluent streams^ 

ohopa. 
Land (treeless), enyana. 
Large, adj., nene. 
Larva of bees, esina. 
Larva (large green), engu. 
Latch, oholanganjo. 
Laugh, v. a., yola. 
Laughter, ocinjola. 
Law, unhandelekoe 
Lawn before village gate, oca- 

mbelo. 
Lawsuit, ocimbu. 
Lay (egg), v. a., imbila. 
Lay by food after eating, v. a., 

tetena. 
Laziness, owesi, eselula. 



Knee, ongolo. 

Kneel and pick up, v. a., pupu- 

la. 
Knife, omoku. 
Knife-holder (crotched), ocipa- 

ndo, ocipanya. 
Knock coals from brand, v. a., 

sosomona. 
Knot (hard), elume. 
Kiot (bow), ekai. 
Knot, v. a., itika. 
Know, v. a., kuniha, wi. 
Knowledge, ulono. 



L. 



Lazy, v. s., kotola. 

Lead, v. a., sindika. 

Leader, uhando, onjalu, oso- 

ngwi. 
Leaf, emena, olumbi. 
Leak, v. a., sopoka. 
Lean (trans.), v. a., yeka. 
Lean backwards, v. a., tikoka. 
Z<?#;z 0/z elbow, v. a., kunama, 

kulamena. 
Lean person or beast, ekoke. 
Lean, v. s., kopa. 
Learn, v. a., lilongisa. 
Leave, v. a., sia. 
Leave a part, v. a., siapa. 
Leave ajar, v. a., pengeleka. 
Leaves (young tender), onjovo. 
Lechery, oiutimbo. 
Leech, etuli. 
Leg, okulu, olumwasa. 
Leg (calf of), opendi. 
Leg of table, ongunji. 
Lend, v. a., undila. 
Leopard (kinds of), emalanga, 

olusimba, kahonju. 
Less, adj., suli. 
Letter, ukanda, omukanda. 
Level, adj., tapika. 



20 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Lewdness, olutimbo. 

Liar, uhembi. 

Liberal^ v. s., longola. 

Lick, v. a., lekata, lesa, lisipula, 

litepusula. 
Lie, esanda. 
Lie, v. a., kemba. 
Lie fallow, v. s., vonga. 
Life, omwenyo. 
Lighten (make light) v. a., lelu- 

la. 
Lighten (lightning), v. a., liaku- 

la. 
Lightning, olumanyula, oliaku- 

lu. 
Likeness, olumapu. 
Lily (calla), ocilembe. 
Lime, ohela. 
Limp, v. a., tefiena. 
Line of deploy, ohavala. 
Lintel, ocipamba. 
Lip, omena. 
Listen, v. a., yevelela. 
Little (a), oluto, naito. 
Little, adj., titu. 

Litter for carrying, ocikalaveko. 
Liver, omuma. 
Load, ocitele. 
Load, v. a., longela. 
Load cartridge, v. a., lumbila. 



Loadstick, omangu. 

Locust, ohuma. 

Lodge, v. a.,, sikila. 

Loins, oviongo, ombunda. 

Loiter, v. a., omboka. 

Long ago, osiahulu. 

Lo7igfor, v. a., livela. 

Z<?£>l, v. a., tala, vanja. 

Ztftf^ back, v. a., pukuka. 

Z<?0/£ about, v. a., nungula. 

Z<?#/£ each other in face, v. a., 

lisunama. 
Loose, v. s., yonga. 
Louse, ona. 
Lowland, ombwelu. 
Lowlander, ongoya. 
Lower-sill, olukuki. 
Z<?j^, v. a., nyenisa. 
Zf?^ ^^ way, v. a., tungayala, 

sumbeka. 
Ztw, ohambi. 
Z^/ (person), ocitakafeka. 
Love, ocisola. 
Love, v. a., sola. 
Lull, v. a., lela. 
Lump, eputi. 
Lung, epuvi. 
Lurk, v. a., lavakela. 
Zz^tf, v. a., timbuluka. 



M. 



Macuta, ocilanda. 

Macuta (half-), ombende. 

Magazine, okayike. 

Maggot, enyo. 

Maim, v. a., lemeha. 

Make, v. a., lulika. 

Malice, ifiani. 

Mallet (corn-), upi. 

Man, ulume. 

Man (a brave), ombalu. 

Man (very old), ekongo, eko- 

ngwele. 
Man (one-eyed), ocitofwe. 



Man (a large), ocikelisitu. 
Man (a rich), ohwasi. 
Man (a wise), onono. 
Man (a good), ondambi. 
Man (a lazy),ocisie, ukwolofeka. 
Man (be a jolly), v. s., ca. 
Mandioc, utombo, ulingo. 
Ma?idioc (leaves of), efwanga, es- 

wanga. 
Mandioc (mashed), ukese. 
Mane, elenge. 
Maniac, eyui. 
Manslayer, kakundu. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



21 



Manure, ombolela. 

Market, ocitanda. 

Marriage, oluhwela. 

Marriage ceremony, uvala. 

Marrow, upuma. 

Marry, v. a., kwela, sokana. 

Mash-trap, ociliva. 

Masked-person, ocinganji. 

Master, mweni, ucime. 

Mat (of grass), esisa, onoli. 

Mat (of reeds), ocala, ocisanda. 

Mat (worthless), ocisese. 

Mat (used as curtain), ocipakasa. 

Matter in corner of eye, olono- 
po. 

Maul, ocipando. 

Maw, efe. 

Mead, ovingundu. 

Meal, osema. 

Meal of parched com and gourd- 
seeds, ondungo. 

Meal of corn soaked and pound- 
ed on same day, omondolola. 

Measure, oseteko. 

Measure, v. a., seteka, yonga. 

Meat, ositu. 

Meddlesome, v. s., mamoha. 

Meddlesomeness, ongangu, osia- 
ta. 

Mediate, v. a., paikununa. 

Medicine, ocihemba, unyambe- 
lo, esengu, ongundo, ocima- 
na. 

Meditate mischief, v. a., pukula. 

Meek person, ocisema. 

Meet, v. a., sanga, kopeka, toke- 
ka, lisunama. 

Melt, v. a., yenga. 

Mem orial pile, ongel ey a. 

Merchandise, ovipako, oningo- 
so. 

Messenger, omunga. 

Middle, okati. 

Midst, okati. 

Midwife, ombwiya. 



Mildew, ombutulume. 

Milk, avele. 

Milk, v. a., kanda. 

Milky way, ulula. 

Mimic, v. a., setukula. 

Mince, v. a., kesa. 

Mire, ocitatamena, ocinyanga. 

Mirimba, elimba. 

Mirror, olumwinyo. 

Miscreant, ondumbukai. 

Miser, oholetelo. 

Misfortuite, ohali. 

Misplace the dress, v. a., pu- 

ndula. 
Misrecognise, v. a., valula. 
Misrepresent, v. a., lukiya. 
Misrepresentation, evelo. 
Miss, v. a., luweya. 
Mistress, eponji, ocopalanga. 
Misunderstand, v. a., vindihka. 
Misunderstanding, ahuku. 
Mix, v. a., tenga, lisemisa, ta- 

ma, yamba. 
Moderation, esima. 
Moisten, v. a., yava. 
Mole (on skin), omata, osi- 

mbwembwe. 
Mole (animal), oneti, ombamba. 
Money, olombongo. 
Monkey, osima. 
Monkey (dog-faced), evovo. 
Month, osai. 
Moon, osai. 
Moonshine, owi. 
More, vali. 
Morning, omene. 
Morning star, tanda, nanda. 
Mortar, ocine. 
Moss, onjelembe. 
Mother (my), mai. 
Mother (your), nyoho. 
Mother (his), ina. 
Mother-i7z-law, ondatembo. 
Moitld, onyenga. 
Mould, v. a., wunga. 



22 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Mound, elundu. 

Mountain, omunda. 

Mouth, omena. 

Mouthful, ombu. 

Move, v. a., ama, seya, sondolo- 

la. 
Move to another dwelling, v. a., 

iluka. 
Mucano, ovilonga. 
Much, adj., lwa, handangala. 
Mucous of nose, ovitwinina. 
Mud, onata. 
Mud, v. a., mana, kolonga, 

Nail, ocikete, ombambo. 
Nakedness, epene. 
Name, v. a., tukula, luka. 
Na?jie, onduko. 
Narrow, v. a., sukatela. 
Necklace (large), andongo. 
Need, v. a., suka. 
Needle, onguya, ocitomo. 
Neighbor, lisungwa, sungwela. 
Nephew, ocimumba. 
Nest, ocanju. 
New, adj., kaliye. 
News, olombonde. 
New-comer, ulungi. 
Nice, v. s., pepa. 
Nicked, v. s., voka. 
Nicotine, ociponda. 
Niggard, ocipwepwe. 
Night, uteke. 

Obey, v. a., pokola. 

Obstacle, ombenda, hasi ombe- 

nda (I am in the way). 
Obtam, v. a., pilila. 
Occipital protuberance of pig, 

ombongongo. 
Occupation, ocipinduko, ombilo, 

olunama, ociholo. 
Odd, adj., neiiane. 
Of, yo, co, etc. 



Murderer, ocifumbe. 

Mush, iputa, oheta. 

Mushroom, owa. 

Mushroom (kinds of), elangala- 
mbambi, uswa, ondenda, ome- 
mbia, ngoma, usikilwavilwa, 
usilili, ocimongwa, osielene 
kalasema, okakondombolo, 
oseke, ukema. 

Musquito, oluhamwi. 

Muster, v. a., konga. 

Mustering camp, ocikongelo. 

N. 

Night-walker, ongendoteke. 
Nobleman, ocinduli. 
y Nod, v. a., sufiina, kumuha, 

kuminya. 
Noise (make a), v. a., yokoya. 
Notisense, esanda, osangateli, 

ewuka, ocikovata. 
Nose, enyuno. 
Nose (bridge of), upolo. 
Notch (in end of arrow), ombuli. 
Notch (the teeth), v. a., peyeka. 
Now, adj., kaliye. 
Nudge, v. a., tuva. 
Numb, v. s., andiwa. 
Numbers, ocikatamba, oci- 

honyo. 
Nut (like peanut), ocenu. 
Nut (an odorous), olumepi. 



O. 



Offer, v. a., lumba, likutila. 
Offering (peace-), etevo, elembe. 
Oil, ulela, omasi, ondendi. 
Old, adj., ale. 
Old, v. s. vamba, vula. 
0?nen (bad), owima, ombipo. 
One, num. adj., mose, mamwe. 
Only, verbal suffix — no. 
Open, v. a., yilula, tuvula, tengu- 
sula tuvama. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



23 



Open, adj., pululi. 

Open the hand, v. a., nyanyu- 

mana. 
Open the mouth, v. a., asama, 

asumuna. 
Opinion, ocipombo. 
Or, pwamwe. 
Orate, v. a., kunda. 
Orator, owanji. 
Ordinary, adj., no. 
Ore, v. a., olomanya. 
Ornament for hair, onamba. 
Orphan, ongongi, omese, oci- 

ngambangamba. 
Oryx, omalanga. 
Ostrich, onjama. 



Ounce, ongwe. 

Outside, osamwa, oluwa. 

Overcoat, okapote. 

Overpay, v. a., longola. 

Overtake, v. a., landula, ponda, 

sanga. 
Owe, v. a., levala. 
0ze//, onjimba, ocihungulu. 
Own, v. a., sungwa, nenga, 

lumba, fuka. 
Owner, umweni. 
Owner of many slaves, oci- 

kumba. 
Ox, ongombe. 
Ox (kinds of small, wild), on- 

yani, onwima. 



P. 



Pacify, v. a., lemena. 

Pack, v. a., longela, vanga. 

Pad, epete, ohata. 

Paddle, v. a., tapula. 

/W;z, olungembia. 

Pain (be in), v. s., yavala. 

Pain, v. a., vala. 

Paint, v. a., yukula. 

Palate, nakaliokalioko. 

Palisade, olumbo, ocimbaka. 

/Wra <?/" hand, ocikanda. 

Palm-rib^ etome. 

Pant, v. a., laka. 

Pantaloons, ocikasau. 

Panting, epwima. 

Parasite on tree, a, ocinjambala. 

Parcel, ocikutila. 

Parch, v. a., kanga. 

Pare, v. a., pela, yuvila, songa. 

Paroquet, ocikenge. 

Parrot, kalongo. 

Partial, v. s., nyula. 

Parting of hair in middle, oma- 

ma. 
Partition, okandumba. 
Partridge, oneniu 
/^j 1 , usitu. 



Pass, v. a., trans., eca. 

Pass, v. a., intrans., vinjuka, 

lipinyanyoha. 
Pass away, v. a., takata, imuha. 
/^.y £j/, v. a., pitahana. 
/^.rj" ^^ night, v., a., lala. 
Passion, onyefio. 
Pauper, osuke, eseku. 
Paw, ekasa. 
Pay, onima, oseu. 
Pay, v. a., feta. 
Pay price of cohabitation, v. a., 

onda. 
Pay a fine, v. a., sembika, sembi- 

kila, somba, teyela, okolola. 
Peace, ombembwa. 
Peacock, opilu. 
Peanut, olungupa. 
Peel, epela, ocipela. 
Peel off, v. a., pusula. 
Peer, v. a., lungayala, lengelela. 
Pelt, v. a., yakela. 
/<?», ocunda, opena. 
People, owiiii. 
Pepper, olundungu. 
Perceive, v. a., yeva. 
Person, omunu. 



24 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Person (tall), ututuli. 

Person (short), ocinimbu. 

Person (stout), ocindululu. 

Person (lean), ehoma. 

Person (knock-kneed), onjanda. 

Person (who makes fun of an- 
other), osokoloke. 

Person (suspicious), omba- 
ngambanga. 

Person (cruel), ongangala. 

Person (brave), opali, utoi, onoi. 

Person (prostrate), olangi. 

Person (turned by witchery into 
bird), ekovo. 

Person (neat), onate. 

Person (who, being bewitched, 
wanders off and perishes), 
ocitakula. 

Person (who, though evil spoken 
of when present, does not 
perceive himself to be the 
object of remark), okalimbi. 

Pestle, usi, ocikungalo. 

Pick leaves, v. a., kanja, ka. 

Pick out the ears, v. a., litika. 

Pick up and put in mouth, v. a., 
nyanula. 

Pick the teeth, v. a., isokotola. 

Pierce with spit, v. a., tikitiya. 

Pig, ongulu, ocipinyo. 

Pigs (a litter of), ondondo. 

Pigeon, onende, ekuti. 

Pig-trough, ocikulungu. 

Pile, ondunda. 

Pillage, epundo. 

Pillow, onondovitwi, opeto. 

Pinch, v. a., sipata, tofiona. 

Pipe, opese. 

Pipe-stem, upepo, uhumbi. 

Pit-fall, okweve, epanga. 

Place, v. a., kapa, tumbika. 

Place on head, v. a., tulika, tu- 
muna. 

Plague, v. a., senyisa. 

Plait, v. a., vinda. 



Plant, v. a., kuna. 

Plant (resembling mandioc), 

ocisiakana. 
Plant (a fragrant), oluwawa. 
Plants (a too thick row of), 

unumbu. 
Plaster, v. a,, mana. 
Plate, elonga. 
Plate (of bark), ongonjo. 
Play, v. a., mangala, papala. 
Play on instrument, v. a., sika. 
Player, usika. 
Plebian, ohukwe. 
Pledge, ocisembi. 
Pluck, v. a., yunga, tonyona. 
Plug, v. a., sitika. 
Plunder, v. a., punda. 
Pock-mark, emome. 
Point, v. a., lekisa. 
Poison, a, okatamba. 
Pole, olumbala. 
Pool, ociva. 
Pool of blood, epave. 
Poor, v. s., sekuka tatoka. 
Popular, v. s., sumunuha. 
Porcupine, ocisaka. 
Portion (a small), okaveto. 
Portugal, oputu. 
Possessed by spirit, v. s., singila. 
Post, olumanji, ongunji. 
Pot, ombia. 

Potato, ekapa, ocingwani. 
Potato-bug, ohongolo. 
Potsherd, ociyo. 
Pouch, opatalonya. 
Pound (as a stake, etc.), v. a., 

valela. 
Pound corn, v. a., fula, tiva, 

sula. 
Pour, v. a., itila, yendeleka, 

longolola. 
Powder (used in witchcraft, 

etc.), omemba. 
Power, ocitena. 
Praise, v. a., sivaya. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



25 



Pray, v. a., felevela. 

Precede, v. a., lianga, livanga, 

tetekela. 
Precept, ocila. 
Pregnant, adj., misi. 
Pregnant, v. s., mina. 
Prepare first fruits of field, etc., 

v. a., nomwisa. 
Presently, noke. 
Preserve, v. a., soleka. 
Press, v. a., tahana. 
Pretender, osali, ekaveko. 
Pretty, v. s., sasambiya. 
Price, onjongo, osevo, ohola, 

ombanjo. 
Price, v. a., lola. 
Prick, v. a., toma. 
Pride, ocipombo. 
Primrose, okakunde. 
Prince, ombwali. 
Prisoner, v. s., pandekwa. 
Proclamation, oluwiya, olukwa- 

mbi. 
Procrastinate, v. a., tateka. 
Procrastination, etateko. 
Promise, v. a., sila. 
Prostrate one's self, v. a., fenda. 



Provisions, ohutu. 
Prudent, v. s., loiionoha. 
Puddle, etata. 
Puffed arrangement of hair, 

okwelu. 
Pull, v. a., nana, koka. 
Pull out, v. a., tukuna, puyila. 
Pull (wool, etc.), v. a., sanya. 
Pullet, ulenda. 
Pitlverize, v. a., seka. 
Purchase, ondando. 
Purpose, v. a., panena. 
Purse, ocipete. 
Pits, otulwa. 
Push, ekanda. 

Push, v. a., lundula, lenuna. 
Push over, yendula, lunduluila. 
Put itp, v. a., pateka, londeka. 
Put up rafters, v. a., soka. 
Put down, v. a., tula. 
Put in mouth, v. a., fwika, 

swika. 
/W together, v. a., ongeka. 
./W 072 head-dress, v. a., futa. 
Puzzle, olunalo, ocilumbulu- 

mbu. 



Q- 



Quarrel, v. a., yaka. 
Qtcarreler, onjake. 
Queen, inakulu. 



Question, v. a., pula. 
Quick, v. s., panguluka. 



R. 



Rabbit, ondimba. 
Rabbit (bed of), enganje. 
Rabbit (young), oluteya. 
Rafter, osoka. 
Rafter (corner), etapa. 
Rage, v. a., fungula. 
Ram, ombela, onjule. 
Rainbow, olukangola. 
Rainy-season, ondombo. 
Rake (lecherous person), ohov- 
ongi, ekwengwe, 



Ram, ocitupi. 

Ramrod, onutu, oval eta. 

Ransom (the part given to 

judge), ondolo. 
Rapidity, onyanyu, ombile. 
Rapidly (to do), v. a., yayula. 
Rapids, omupa. 
Rash, upiya. 
Rasp, v. a., kalula. 
Rat, omuku. 



26 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Rat (kinds of), enganga, epe- 

ngwe, ohwi, onoko, ohwakwa, 

epeke, ekolongonjo, ocises- 

ena. ohumbi. 
Rations, ongaso. 
Rattle, v. a., sasana. 
Ravel, v. a., fomona. 
Ravenous, v. s., punya. 
Ravenousness, epulukutu. 
Ravine, ondamba, ekungu. 
Rawness, oweso. 
Ray of sunlight, osongo. 
Read, v. a., tanga. 
Rear, v. a., tifuka. 
Rearrange the fire, v. a., sokeka. 
Reason, ohasa. 
Rebellion, omanakata. 
Receive, v. a., tambula. 
Receive pay for sleeping with 

man, v. a., lumbula. 
Recollect, v. a., sokolola. ' 
Red, adj., kusuka. 
Red mark on forehead, ukundu. 
Reddish, adj., kusuluka. 
Redeem, v. a., yovola. 
iPm/ (a kind of), olunyua. 
Reflect, v. a., sinumuna. 
Refuse, ocikombeo. 
Refuse, v. a., nyemana, tembula, 

nangisa, simuna. 
Refuse to keep quiet, v. a., ale- 

mena. 
Refuse-heap, eyala, esita. 
Refutation, okasambi. 
Reiteration, ocilenena. 
Rejoice, v. a., yolela. 
Rejoicing, onjolela. 
Relate, v. a., sapula, imbwisa, 

sapitiya. 
Release, v. a., pandulula. 
Relish (meat, sauce, etc.), ombe- 

lela. 
Remain, v. a., siala. 
Remember, v. a., patekela, iva- 

lula. 



Remove, v. a., upa. 

Repair, v. a., tumbulula. 

Replace, v. a., pinalisa, pindula. 

Representative, omunga. 

Reprisal, oluhwate. 

Reprove, v. a., imbula. 

Requite, v. a., kangisa. 

Rescue, v. a., popela. 

Rescue, olunda. 

Resemblance, ocisetahai. 

Resident (old), ekope. 

Resin, ekokoto. 

Resources, uneni. 

Respect, elisumbi, ocisumbilo. 

Response (a deferential), kuku. 

Rest, owusa. 

Rest, v. a., puyuka. 

j^V.tf chin on knees, v. a., vungi- 

lika. 
Restitution, otumbwe. 
Restless, v. s., maiiayala. 
Retail, v. a., sasela. 
Return, v. a., tiula, kondoka. 
Revenge, etoto. 
Reverberation, ekondoka. 
Reverence, v., a., sumba. 
Revile and drive off, v. a., son- 

inya. 
Revile, v. a., tuka, tondala. 
Reviler, omopi, onuka. 
Rheumatis7n, olusinga. 
Rib, olumati. 
Rice, oluoso. 
Rich, v. s., salala, sivila. 
Riches, ukwasi. 
Ridge, olusoka, oluango. 
Right, esunga. 
Rinse, v. a., saka. 
Ring, on el a. 
Rip, tongolola. 
Ripen (begin to), v. a., tota. 
Ripe tt (early), v. a., tendela. 
Rise, v. a., katuka. 
River, oluwi, plu., olondwi. 
River (other side of), esinya. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



27 



Roach, olumenyi. 

Road) onjila. 

Roar, ocivungu. 

Roast, v. a., yoka. 

Rob, v. a., pimda, minyuna. 

Robber, ocimunu, ocingumba, 

ocifumbe, omaluku, ocihwa- 

nga. 
Rock, v. a., tingoka. 
Rock, ewe, ohanda. 
Roiled, v. s., wunjuka. 
Roof of corn crib, ondulili. 
Room (private), ohondo, osilo. 
Room (to make), v. a., sondo- 

loka. 
Rooster, ekondombolo, onde- 

mba. 
Root, olumbombo. 
Root (kinds of edible), ocilo, 

undindu, ocikamba. 
Root (worn as amulet), enyati. 
Root, v. a., tina. 

Roots (spread of), olondondolo. 
Rope, ukolo, ekata, ombondo. 



Rotten, v. s., vol a. 

Round (to make), v. a., kondola. 

Round-ended (as blade), adj., 

pumanahana. 
Rout, v. a., lupwisa, cocuisa. 
Rub, v. a., tukusa, sieketa. 
Rub together, v. a., kwekesa. 
Rubber, ekenya. 
Rubbing of medicine, ocisia- 

kata. . 
Rubbish, ovinene. 
Ruffian, ocimbundianga, oci- 

pukupuku. 
Rule, v. a., viala. 
Rum, awalende. 
Ru??i (barrel of), oraambu. 
" Run " of animals, upito, 

eliavo, eyavo. 
Rim, v. a., lupuka, yoloka, tu- 

muha, mupa. 
Run swiftly, v. a., veyuka, ku- 

ha, putulula. 
Rust, onguyu. 



Sack (leaf-), ukata. 

Salt, omongwa, ekelewa. 

Salt (small bag of), okakoloto. 

Salt-lick, ocikunya. 

Salute, v. a., lama. 

Salutation (a farewell), nosoyo. 

Salutation, kalunga. 

Salvation, eyovo. 

Same, mwene. 

Sand, eseke. 

Sandal, oluhaku. 

Sap, ondembe. 

Satiety, ekuto. 

Savory, adj., pepa. 

Say, v. a., ti. 

Saying, okuti. 

Saymg (if), ndokuti. 

Scab, ombande. 

Scale of fish, etc., ekaka. 



Scapegrace, omamoha. 
Scarcity, ohangolo. 
Scare off, v. a., vinga, yolwisa. 
Scarlet flowering shrub, a, uta- 

ta. 
Scatter, v. a., sandola. 
Scholar, ondonge. 
Scissors, otusola. 
Scold, v. a., kenoha. 
Scorn, v. a., yembungula. 
Scorpion, enyenya. 
Scour, v. a., kunga. 
Scowl, v. a., nyenuna. 
Scrape with fingers and eat, 

v. a., konyona. 
Scratch, v. a., suya, kalula. 
Screojn, v. a., ulula. 
Screw, opileko. 
Screzv, v. a., tika. 



28 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Scribe, nyalui. 

Search, v. a., lengula, lengusula, 

pendusula. 
Season (cold), ocisipo. 
Season (beginning of wet-), oha- 

lula. 
Season (past the), v. s., kundu- 
• ka. 

Season, v. a., simbula, singa. 
Secrete, v. a., yombeka. 
Sediment, ombenga. 
See, v. a., mona, lete. 
Seed, ombuto. 

Seed (a large bean-like), oluseta. 
Seedtime, uvo. 
Seek, v. a., sanda. 
Seek food, v. a., nyana. 
Seize, v. a., kwata, namuna, pu- 

tula. 
Selfish, v. s., pongiya. 
Self -I over, olisoli. 
Semen, owanja. 
•5V/z^/, v. a., tuma, telekala. 
Send back, v. a., tiuwiya. 
Send greetings, v. a., menahena. 
Sense, olundunge. 
Sensitiveness, okavonde. 
Sentetice (construction of a), 

epandekelo. 
Separate, v. a., pungula, linya- 

hana, lipundulula. 
Servant, onjunda. 
Serve, vumba. 
Set (as trap), v. a., petula. 
Settler (new), ulungi. 
Seven, epanduvali. 
Sew, v. a., tonga. 
Shade, ocilembo. 
Shadow of person, ocilelembia. 
Shake, v. a., tutumuna, tununya, 

puka, sekula. 
Share, v. a., nyenya. 
Shark, ocimwandu. 
Sharp, v. s., twa. 
Sharpen, v. a., lepika. 



Shave, v. a., pemuna, puta. 

Sheaf, ocitungu. 

^<?tf/*(cap-), ocipupala. 

Shed leaves, v. a., loluka. 

Sheep, omeme, olumbuli. 

*S^^ etala. 

Shelter, ocitelembe. 

Shepherd, ungombo. 

Shield one's self, v. a., yepa. 

Shin, upindi. 

Shine, v. a., twa, taima. 

Shirk, v. a., leya. 

Shiver, v. a., luluma. 

^^, osapato. 

*S7ztf£, v. a., swaka. 

Shoe-string, olunjita. 

Shoot, v. a., loya yasuta. 

Shoot straight, v. a., lofia. 

Short, adj., mbumbunu. 

Shoulder, ocitei, epepe. 

Shoulder, v. a., tikula. 

Show, v. a., lekisa, wasa. 

Shreds, ovinyanyu. 

Shrewd, v. s., lunguka. 

Shriek, v. a., likiya. 

Shrink, v. a., lilumbila. 

Shrivel, v. a., fuva. 

Shroud, onjambo. 

Shrub (a kind of), onungo. 

Shuck, v. a., ten da. 

67^/, v. a., yila. 

^S/V^, v. s., vela, keletwa, ambo- 

ka. 
Sickness, okafunde, epwila, 

etimbu. 
Side, onene, okandu, epati, 

osilo. 
Sieve, ongalo, usiko. 
Sift, v. a., sisa. 
Sign (a bad), ombipo. 
Silent, v. s., uha, uhina. 
Sill (lower), olukuki. 
Sin, ohole. 
Sing, v. a., imba. 
Single person, ocimbumba. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



29 



Sink, v. a,, vomba. 

Sip, v. a., sipula. 

Sister,, mukai. 

Sister who marries brother-in- 
law, ominanjo. 

Sister (younger), manje. 

Sit, v. a., turn ana, amena, vete- 
tela, nyonanala, suna, yaviti- 
ya, nyonama, savayala. 

Site of old camp, etc., elunda. 

Sitting room, onjango, ociyo 
kola. 

Six, epandu. 

Skillful, v. s., sunguluka. 

Skin, ocipa. 

Skin, v. a., yuva, yuvalula, 
punja. 

Skull, ewulutwi. 

Slack, v. s., yonga. 

Slander, esoko. 

Slander, v. a., lundila, pindika. 

Slap, olukusi, epi. 

Slat of bedstead, onjalo. 

Slattern, ocimbwena. 

Slaughter, v. a., kundula. 

Slave, upika, okambanda. 

Slave-yoke, omi. 

Sleep in limb, ongondo. 

Sleep, v. a., pekela. 

Sleepiness, otulo. 

Sleepless, v. s., pakoka. 

Sleeplessness, ocipakupaku. 

Slice, v. a., inuna. 

Slight, v. a., sipilila, 

Slip, v. a., lisienuha, sumuha. 

*S7zj£ Afc* memory, v. a., limba. 

Slippery, adj., selena. 

»S7#, v. a., peka. 

Slobber, olute. 

Slobber, v. a., yeya. 

Slope, v. a., senyuha, vongoka, 
wuyuka, yeloka. 

Sloth, emole. 

Slowness, evando. 

Sluggishness, epipi, enyuma. 



Smack, v. a., siopa. 
Small-pox, ocingongo. 
Smart, v. a., sanyanya. 
Smile, v. a., memena. 
Smiler, ocimemene. 
Smith, v. a., tela. 
Smoke, owisi. 
Smoke, v. a., sipa. 
Sinudge, ocinyundu. 
Snag, onjandu. 
Snail, ehotio, ocingonge. 
Snake, onyoha. 
Snakes (kinds of), ombuta, 

ekwiva, owonjo, ondala, olu- 

tangila. 
Snap, v. a., tosola. 
Snatch, v. a., sombola, nyeha. 
Sneeze, ohesi. 
Sniff, v. a., sinyuna. 
Snore, v. a., ona. 
Snout, upinyo, ombinda. 
Snuff, v. a., fenya. 
Snuff-box, ombotesa, olulungu, 

ocimbweko. 
So, ndoto. 

So and so (Mr.), ongandi. 
Soak, v. a., yaveka. 
Sociable, e van go. 
Soft, v. s., lenena. 
Soiled, v. s., wunda, lina. 
Soldier, eswalali. 
Some, adj., mwe. 
Son (eldest), nufiunu. 
Son (grand), onekulu. 
Son (great grand), oneka. 
Son (great great grand), omo- 

koli. 
Song, ocisungo. 
Soot, owuli. 
Soothe, v. a., tulumuna, livo- 

ndela, lemba. 
Sore, evovi, esolola. 
Sores resultant from filth, olu- 

liusu. 
Soup, usoli. 



30 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Sour, adj., nana. 

Sow, v. a., kuna. 

Spark, evimbi, olusase. 

Speak, v. a., popia. 

Speak (another tongue), v. a., 

handeka. 
Speak (correctly), v. a., semu- 

nuha. 
Speak (incorrectly), v. a., semu- 

na. 
Speak (contemptuously), v. a., 

silula. 
Spear, onjelia. 
Speech, ohundo. 
Speech (act of beginning with 

clap), ocipupu. 
Speed, olupese. 
Sphere, ombunje. 
Spider, ewuvi, okovi. 
Spin, v. a., pota. 
Spirit, osande, ocilulu, ondeli, 

ekisi. 
Spit, v. a., sia. 
Spittle, ovate. 
Spleen, oneva. 
Splinter, oluswakala. 
Split, v. a., tetula, tola. 
Spoiled, v. s., nyoneha. 
Sponge, v. a., liapela. 
Spoon, onguto, ocito. 
Spot, elino. 
Spot (bare, without grass), es- 

esna. 
Spread, v. a., yala. 
Spread, v. a., intran., yanda. 
Spread open, v. a., temuna, 

nyanyumana. 
Spread the toes, v. a., tenuna. 
Spring, ono. 

Spring np, v. a., tumboka. 
Spring-bok, omunya. 
Spring pole, olumombe. 
Spri7ikle, v. a., nyina, samena, 

tosa. 
Sprout, v. a., mena, yova. 



,5^z/r, olunanda. 

Spur, v. a,, milula. 

Spy, ondavi. 

Spy, v. a., lavela. 

Squander, sanduka. 

Squanderer, omesei. 

Squash, omutu, etila, enyangwa. 

Squash-seed, olunwi. 

Squash-seed-mash, onjoma. 

Squat, v. a., vata. 

Squirrel (a small), onono. 

Squirt water fro7?i mouth, v. a., 

1 pamba. 

Squirt gun, onjete. 

Stagger, v. a., vavanga, tiatiala. 

Stain, elino. 

Stalk, v. a., yomba. 

Stamp, v. a., liatela, tutula. 

Stand, v. a., votoka. 

iSfor, olumbungululu. 

^Star (morning or evening), ta- 

ndela. 
Stare, v. a., nungula, manayala. 
Staring, epopo. 
Sta?'t, v. a., katula. 
Stay too long, v. a., londola. 
Stay at home, ocimbakoko, oci- 

kwambi. 
Steal, v. a., iva, hwanga, ko- 

koka. 
Steal upon, v. a., yomba. 
*SVm/ and hide in clothes, v. a., 

kokovola. 
Steep, uwulu. 
Stench, elemba, ukaku. 
Step, v. a., liatela. 
Steward, ukwambeli. 
Stick, uti. 

Stick (pudding-), oluiko. 
Stiff, v. s., siva. 
Still (to keep), v. a., liweka. 
Stinger, ocisongo. 
Stinginess, ocipiyo. , 
Stingy, v. s., limina. 
Stink, v. a., neha. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



31 



Stir, v. a., venja. 

Stir mush, v. a., pika. 

Stir beer, v. a., senga. 

Stir tcp strife, v. a., yakisa. 

Stockings, olomenya. 

Stomach-ache, ongundi. 

Stone, etali, ewe. 

Stoop, v. a., petama, kotovola. 

Stop, v. a., talama, kinga. 

Stop for, v. a., pitula. 

*SV^ up 9 v. a., sitika. 

aS?0/ on verge of act, v. a., 

kanduninya. 
Storehouse, ohondongolo. 
Story, olusapu. 
Stout, v. s., pama, kanyama, 

tinda. 
Straight, v. a., sunama, miuha, 

siuha. 
Straighten, v. a., pengulula. 
Strain, v. a., kenja. 
Strangle, v. a., liponda. 
Stream, oluwi, plu. olondwi. 
Stream (ground over), ocipitasi. 
Strength, onguso, olohono. 
Stretch one's self, v. a., liolola. 
Stretch forth, v. a., tandavela. 
Strike, v. a., fina, sakeka, kaka- 

la, patuma. 
Strike (of clock), v. a., senga. 
String, v. a., yukila. 
String of bark, olundovi. 
Stroke, v. a., sambwisa. 
Stroll, v. a., tokekela. 
Strong, v. s., pendeya, kanyama. 
Stronghold, ocikolo. 
Struggle, v. a., panga. 
Strict, v. a., panamana, lipeka. 
»9/m£, ongoti, ocipese. 
Stubble, onotolo. 
*SVz^/ (architecture), ekoso. 
Stumble, punduka. 
Stump, ocisinge, ocimelenge. 
Stupid, v. s.j seluka. 
Stupidity, olonuna. 



Stutter, v. a., kokoma, tatuma. 
Submit, v. a., fenda, livondela. 
Subside, v. a., tulumuha. 
Subtract, v. a., tepulula. 
Suburbs, ovikanjo. 
Successful, v. s., sumunuha. 
Suck, v. a., nyama. 
Sucking noise (to make), v. a., 

titoviya. 
Sugar, osukini, ofukini. 
Sugar-cane, omwenge. 
Suit, olutano. 

Sullen, v. s., fela, nyumana. 
Summon, v. a., kavenga, lale- 

kela. 
Sun, ekumbi. 

Sun one's self v. a., yotela. 
Sunshine, utanya. 
Superfluity, ocisupe. 
Supper, ongolovia. 
Sttpplant, v. a., lindula 
Supple, v. a., nyenisa. 
Supporter, oname. 
Surety, uvangi. 
Surprised, v. s., saluka. 
Swagger, v. a., yangalala, 

nyangata. 
Swallow, otniapia. 
Swallow, v. a., ina. 
Sway, v. a., yendulala. 
Swear, v. a., lisinga. 
Sweat, osaimiho. 
Sweat, v. a., saimiha. 
Sweep, v.. a., komba. 
Sweet, adj., sosa. 
Sweet potato, omusambe, 

onjandi, ocifukuma. 
Swell, v. a., lenda, tumba. 
Swelling, oluwulu. 
Swim, v. a., yua. 
Swimming, onjota. 
Swing, linyenga, yendulula. 
Switch, oluhava. 
Sword, osipata. 



32 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Table, omesa, otandu. 
Take, v. a., tambula. 
Take away, v. a., nyanuna, 

nyeha. 
Take alive, v. a., ta. 
Take down, v. a., tulula. 
Take ttp chorus, v. a., taviya. 
7#/^ stealthily, v. a., yombo- 

lola. 
Z<2/^, v. a., ambulula, tana, sa- 

suna, lesala, kuhuna. 
Talk nonsense, v. a., nyamuna. 
Tally, ocisembi. 
Tallow, avete. 

Tail, usese, ocisumba, ohandi. 
Tail-feather, olundindi. 
Tamp, v. a., swakela. 
Tangled, v. s., tangeleka. 
Tardiness, ohalwa. 
Tardy, v. s., cilwa. 
Target, ocimaho, 
Taste, v. a., maha. 
Tattle, v. a., yakisa. 
Tattling, olombonde. 
Tattooing, olumbumba. 
Taut, v. s., tona. 
Teach, v. a., longisa, kunihisa. 
Teacher, omesene, ongomba. 
Tear, eswenena. 
Tear, v. a., tola, soyola, tandula, 

mahuna, nyanyuna. 
Tear down, v. a., tungulula. 
Tease, v. a., peya. 
7>^M ("edge" on), una, 

owuiia. 
Tell, v. a., paninya. 
Ten, num. adj., ekwi. 
Tendon, esipa. 

Test, v. a., kulola, ombulungu. 
Thank, v. a., pandula. 
That, oco. 
7 hat yonder, una. 
Thatch, v. a., yambela. • 
Then, yu. 



There, oku. 

They, ovo. 

Thick, v. s., pama, tinda. 

Thickness, ongenge. 

Thief) kapiangu. 

Thigh, ocikalu, ocinama. 

Thimble, elilali. 

Thing, ocina, onometu. 

Thing (a fine), utingu. 

Think, v. a., soka. 

Think one's self rich, wheit 

really poor, v. a., enya. 
Thirst, enyona. 
This, ceci, omo, etc. 
This very thing, undeti. 
Thorn, osongo. 
Those, vana. 
Thou, ove. 

Thrash, v. a., pokota. 
Threaten, v. a., salwisa. 
Three, num. adj., tatu. 
Throat, engune. 
Throne, omangu. 
Throw, v. a., imba. 
Thrust, ocikwanga. 
Thrust, v. a., poyola. 
Thunder, ondindimo, ocivango, 

etungu. 
Thunder, v. a., lemina, senga. 
Tick, ocihopio, ohupa. 
Tickle, v. a., tongita. 
Tie, v. a., pandeka, kuta, tuki- 

kinya, kangala. 
Tile, omateya. 
Till, te. 
Time, onjarija. 
Time (budding), ocisolose. 
Time (to pass pleasantly), v. a., 

talula. 
Tin, ofoya. 
Tipoia, owanda. 

Tired, v. s., kava, soya, solaka. 
To, ko. 
Toad, ocimboto. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



33 



Toast, v. a., yuya, lelika. 

Tobacco leaf, ekaya. 

Toll, owombo. 

To??iato, ematia. 

Tomorrow, hena. 

Tongs, omana. 

Tongue, elaka, elimi. 

Tooth, eyu, iyu. 

Tooth (double), ocisoka. 

Toothache, ombandu. 

Tooth-brush, ocikukuso. 

Tooth notch, omeyeko. 

Top of mountai7i (to be on), 

v. s., tumbuka. 
Torment, v. a., senyisa. 
Tornado, ekungukungu. 
Toss, v. a., imbila. 
Touch, v. a., ]amba. 
Tough, adj., pvveketa. 
Trade, ocipindi. 
Trade, v. a., funa. 
Trader, omufunu. 
Tradition, olusapu. 
Tramp, ocingangala. 
Transfer, v. a., sendulula, 

sondolola, seya. 
Transplant, v. a., sopeka. 
Transport, v. a., ambata. 
Travail, olungembia. 

Udder, ocavo. 
Unable, v. s., tokoka. 
Uncle, inanu, tate. 
Undeceive, v. a., kembulula. 
Underbrush, ombuti, onutula. 
Underdone, v. s., tindila. 
Unequal, v. s., lisokela. 
Unfold, v. a., ketelela. 
Unfortunate, adj., kola. 
Unhelve, v. a., pangula. 
Unintelligible, v. s., liomina, 

minasala. 
Unite, v. a., kongela. 
Unload, v. a., yanguluka. 
Unruffled, v. s., tululuka. 



U. 



Traveler, olungende. 

Treachery, ungalu. 

Tread, v. a., kosa. 

Treason, uswanji. 

7Vw, uti. 

Zw (cyprus like), oluvili. 

Tree (kinds of), onundu, o- 
njunge, oswi, omako, ungolo, 
etamba, ondongo, etanga, 
ondeo, omwi, ohumbi. 

Trial, olutano. 

Tribunal, ekanga. 

Trick, etutu. 

Trigger, un jumbo. 

Tripe, ocikoloto. 

Triumph, v. a., yanga. 

Trot, v. a., sengutula. 

Troublesome, adj., mwiya. 

Truth, ocili. 

Try to do, without knowing how, 
v. a., pwiya. 

Tumble-bug^ embumbwahe- 
lunge. 

Tumor, ocilenda. 

Turbid, v. s., wunjuka. 

Turn back, v. a., kondoka. 

Turn around, v. a., tingulula. 

Tz/r/z over, v. a., pesela, pilula. 

Twist, v. a., tiefia. 

Unsavory, v. s., sava. 
Unscrew, v. a., tianyona. 
Unsuccessful, v. s., sumwa. 
Untie, v. a., kutulula. 
Unweariableness, ohuma. 
Unwelcome (to make one's self), 

v. a., likupatiya. 
Unwind, v. a., inumuna. 
Unwisely (to do), v. a., tatena. 
Urgency, ocipombala. 
Urinate, v. a., susa. 
Use foul language, v. a., tukana. 
Uplands, onanu. 
Upside down, okatikitiki. 



34 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Vacuate faeces, v. a., nia. 
Vagabond, ocitovongo. 
Valley, omaka. 
Vanish, v. a., senguluka. 
Variegated, adj., iiena. 
Vault, v. a., somboka. 
Vein, esipa. 
Venom ) owuli. 
Village, imbo, itula. 
Villify) v. a., fukila, fukina. 
Vine, olungu. 



Vine (a kind of), elimbwi. 
Vinegar, ovindangele. 
Virgin y kamoso. 
Visit) v. a., pasula, endela, lani- 

sa, suninya, sikama, cinga. 
Visitor, ukombe. 
Vituperation) efuki. 
Volley) ekuluma. 
Vomit) v. a., sanja. 
Vulture) ohumbihumbi. 



W. 



Wail, v. a., lula. 

Wait) v. a., kevelela. 

Walk in files, v. a., tweya. 

Walk stooping, v. a., kukuva. 

Wall) ocimano. 

Wallow ) v. a., lombela, vambela. 

Wander) v. a., pila. 

Wanting) v. s., kamba, timbu- 

kila. 
£F#r, ovita, ocipunda. 
War) v. a., vita. 
Warm, v. a., yaleka, yalukula. 
Warm self by fire, v. a., yota. 
Warn, v. a., lungula. 
Wart, esola. 
Wash, v. a., sukula. 
Wash (face), v. a., pusa. 
Waster) ocinyoi. 
Water) ovava. 
Water (colored by iron), oci- 

kole. 
Waterfall) omupa. 
Wave) epuku. 
Wax, osela. 
Wax (cake of), opao, oci- 

ngwandala, ongamena. 
We, etu. 

Weakness, olukavo. 
Wear, v. a., wala, paleka. 
Weariness, ekavo. 
Weary') v. a., kavisa, kuma. 



Weasel, okandondo, evili, 

onjavo. 
Weed (kinds of), omopo, 

olumbwa. 
Wet) v. s., yula, kasa. 
Weigh) v. a., pesalisa. 
Weight) ukomo. 
Whale, evambi. 
What, interrog. pro., e, he. 
Wheel, evalo. 
When, eci. 
Where, interrog., pi. 
Whet, v. a., lepika. 
Whetstone, elepi. 
Whip, osikote. 
Whirlwind, ocipepe. 
Whistle, oflengu. 
Whistling, ovilwa. 
White, v. s., yela. 
White ant) ombunji. 
Whitewash) v. a., kolonga. 
Whittle, v. a., songa. 
WJiO) elie. 

Whoredom) ukwengwe. 
Wicked) v. s., tangalala. 
Wideii) v. a., yangisa. 
Widow ) okapalungu. 
Widower) ocikuluwiya. 
Width, upati. 
Wife, ukai. 
Wife (second), oluvaii. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



35 



Wild, v. s., lungala. 

Wild-cat, ociswi. 

Wilderness, ekalasoko. 

Will, v. a., yongola. 

Wind, of el a. 

Wind, v. a., ina. 

Windiness, omepelela. 

Wink, v. a., pakula. 

Winnow, v. a., yelela. 

Wipe, v. a., pwenya, pwinya. 

Wire, osipi, olusambo. 

Wish, onjongola. 

Wish, v. a., yongola. 

Witness, ombangi. 

Withdraw (foot), v. a., tanda- 

luka. 
Withdraw (offering), v. a., patu- 

lula. 
Wizard, ociliangu, onganga. 
Wolf, ombingi, ocimbungu. 
Woman, ukai, etembo, ociku- 

lunjenji. 
Wo??ian (a lying in), onjali. 
Woman (old), ohulukai, 

ohuluwa. 
Woman (to be a bold), v. s., ca. 



Womb, ocuva. 

Woodpecker, omanuna. 

Word, ondaka. 

Words (connecting), ocasu. 

Work, upange, ovonda. 

Work (to begin early), v. a., 

panji. 
Work (incessantly), v. a., lito- 

kola. 
Workman, ondingupange. 
World (the spirit-), okalunga. 
Worm, epuka. 
Worn, v. s., kuka. 
Wound, epute, okutwa. 
Wound (mortal), ongambu. 
Wrangle, onjuela. 
Wrestle, v. a., litatula. 
Wriggle shoulders, v. a., tiaku- 

muna. 
Wring, v. a., tiena, kama. 
Wrinkles, anyoni, ovanya, ova- 

ka. 
Wrist, ukesokeso. 
Write, soneha, taya, vita. 
Wrong, esungako, 
Wrong, adj., kola. 



Yard (three feet), onandu. 
Ye, enu, ene. 
Year, unyamo, ulima. 
Yellow, ungundumba, engone. 
Yes, ewa, si. 



Zebra, ongolo. 
Zigzag, onganda. 



Yesterday, hena. 
Yew, omanga, 
Yolk, ondunga. 
Youth, ukwenje. 



Z. 



Zuarte, onoloti, onjunju. 



36 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



UMBUNDU-ENGLISH. 



[The words marked by a star are such as are known to be in common use.] 



A. 



Ahuku, disobedience ; misun- 
derstanding. 
*Ale 9 adj., old, ancient. 
Alemena, v. a., refuse to be 
quiet. 
* Alicia, v. a., find. 

Alumana, v. a., cock (a gun). 
*Ama, v. a. int., move. 
*Ambata, v. a., carry, transport. 
Amboka, v. s., be sick one day 
and better next, and keep on 
thus fluctuating. 
Ambulula, v. a., talk, argue. 
*Ame, I. 

*Amena, v. a., sit along ; favor, 
be partial to. 
Andiwa, v. s., be numb. 
Andongo, large necklace. 



*Angata, v. a., hold in lap. 
* Any aha, cross-roads, forked 
roads. 
Anyoni, wrinkles. 
*Apwe, interj., an exclamation 

of surprise. 
*Asa, v. a., hit (with arrow, bul- 
let, etc.) 
Asama, v. a., open mouth vol- 
untarily. 
Asitmuna, v. a., open mouth 
by force. 
*Ava, v. a., give. 
*Avela, v. a., give. 
*Avete, tallow. 

Awaleizde, rum. 
*Ayu, garlic. 



*Ca, v. a. and s., pass (of a 
shower, or the night) ; be a 
smiling, laughing man; be a 
brazen woman. 

*Cect, this. 

*Cilwa, v. s., be tardy. 



*Cina, v. a., dance. 

*Cmga, v. a., visit to drink beer. 

*Cita, v. a., bear, give birth. 

Cocuisa, v. a., rout, drive off. 

Cuca, v. a., fizz. 



*.£, adj. interrog., what, what as 

to. 
*Eca, v. a., tr., pass; hand. 
*Eci, when. 
*Ecia, nine. 
* Ecina7ia, eight. 
*Efe, maw. 

*Efelefele, foam ; froth. 
Efiyo, fussiness. 



*Efuki, vituperation. 

Efwa7iga, leaves of manioc. 

Ehoma, a lean person. 
*Eho7idio, banana. 
*Ehotio, snail. 

Ehtifna, flight. 
*Eka, plu. ovaka, hand. 

Ekai, bow-knot. 
*Ekaka, hut ; fish scale. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



37 



*Ekala, a coal. 

*Ekalasoko, wilderness, unpeo- 
pled region. 
*Ekamba, comrade, friend. 

Ekambi, cud. 

Ekanda, shove, push. 
*Ekandu, crime. 
*Ekanga, tribunal. 

Ekanjo, royal hunt. 
*Ekapa, potato. 
*Ekasa, claw, paw. 

Ekasalume, drumstick(of fowl). 

Ekata, grass rope. 

Ekaveko, pretender. 
*Ekavo> weariness. 
*Ekaya, tobacco-leaf. 

Ekela, gruel. 

Ekelela,) v. s., be careless. 

Ekelewa,) salt. 
^Ekenyci) rubber. 
*Ekepa, bone. 

*Ekisi, spirit (of dead noble- 
man). 
*Ekofwe y cap. 

Ekoka, influx. 

Ekoke, lean person or thing. 

Ekoko, crust. 

Ekokoto, gum, resin. 

Ekolongonjo, a field rat. 
*Ekondoka, reverberation. 
^EkondombolO) rooster. 

Kkone y act of choking. 
*Ekongo, old man. 

Ekongwele, very old man. 
*Ekonjo, hoof. 

Ekope, old resident. 
*Ekoso y stud, wall-post, quarter. 
*Ekota> elder brother. 

Ekovo, a person turned into 
bird by witchcraft. 

Ekula, old, worn-out hoe. 

Ekuluma, volley. 

Ekuma, displeasure. 
*Ekumbi) sun. 

Ekum,bo, bung, cork. 



Ekuna, ditch, drain. 

EkundU) gnu. 
*Ekungu, ravine, abyss. 

Ekungukungu, tornado. 
*Ekupa, bale. 
*Ekuti, large pigeon. 
^Ekuto, satiety. 
*Ekuva y battle-ax. 
*Ekuwe, large hen. 
*Ekwalali, bead. 

Ekwengwe, rake (person). 

Ekwenje, caress. 
*Ekwii ten. 

Ekwiva, a hissing snake. 
*hlaka, tongue. 

Elangalambambi, a large 
mushroom. 
*Elangalo, grave. 
*Elasola, four yard piece of 

cloth. 
*Elemba, stench. 
*Elembe, offering to spirits. 

Elenda, fat, fatty flesh. 
*Elende, cloud. 

Elenge, mane. 

Elenguldt a style of hairdress- 
ing. 
*Elepi, whetstone, grindstone. 
*Eleva, cave. 

Eliangunju, a kind of bird. 

Eliano, deception, cheating. 

Eliapu, the devil. 
*E/mvo, a " run " of animals. 
*Elie, interrog., who. 
*Elzenge, chain. 

Elilali, thimble. 

Elima, a large bat. 

Elimba, arc, curve; mirimba. 

Elimbwi, a kind of vine. 
*Elimi, tongue. 

Elenaino, chameleon. 
*Elinilini, bumble bee. 
*Elmo, spot, stain. 

Elisumbi, respect. 

Eliungu, coward. 



38 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Elola, grater. 
*Elombe, house of chief. 

Eloiido, deep hole in river or 
lake. 

Elonga, a gabbler ; a plate. 

Elonga, v. a., gabble. 

Elove, gun-barrel. 

Elulu, bonfire. 

Elume, hard knot. 
*Elunda, site of abandoned vil- 
lage or camp. 
*E!undu, mound, little hill. 

E/u7zga, bell-shaped gong. 
*Elungi) burrow. 

Ehingulungu, bonfire. 

Evicts brawl, disorder. 

Emalanga, hyena. . 
*Ema7tde i arrogance. 
*Ematia y tomato. 

Embumbwahelunge, tumble- 
bug. 
* Emena, leaf. 

*Emz, foot (of mountain), bot- 
tom. 

Emole, sloth. 
*Emome, scar, pock-mark. 

Ena, plu. ovana, gut. 

Ena?iga, leap, jump. 
*Enda, v. a., go. 

E?tdela y v. a., visit. 

EndingU) drum. 
*Endo, caravan. 
*Ene, pers. pro., ye. 

Enga7zga, long- snouted rat. 

Enganje, bed of rabbits. 
*Enge, cornstalk. 

Engone, yellow. 
*Engu, plu. ovongu, large green 

larva. 
*Enguni, throat. 
*Enju, imperative defec. v., 

come. 
*Enu, ye. 

Enya, v. a., think one's self 
rich, when in reality poor. 



*Enya, plu. ovonya, feather. 
*E7iyana, open country; tree- 
less land. 
*Enyanga, hunter. 

Enyangwa, squash. 

Enyanama, horizon. 

Enyati, aroot(worn as amulet). 
*Enyenya, scorpion. 

E7iyina> contempt. 

Eiiyo, plu. ovonyO) maggot. 
*Enyo7ia, thirst. 

Enyu77ia, sluggishness. 
*Enyu7io y nose. 
*Epako, fruit. 

Eftalci7tga, brother or sister 
next below in age ; a title 
(not yet understood). 

Epct7iiba, pair of horns. 
*Epanda, heron. 
*Epa7tdavelo, main gate. 

Epci7tdekalo, the " construc- 
tion " of a sentence. 
*Epa7idu, six. 
*Epa7idiivali i seven. 

Epa77ga, first-born ; pitfall. 

Epa7igati, long, stout cane. 
*Epa7igu, hole, opening. 
*Epangwe, hemp; hasheesh. 
*Epata, house ; family. 

Epati % side of body. 

Epave, pool of blood ; heavy 
rain, flood. 
*Epeka, a fathom. 

Epeke, a kind of field rat. 

Epela, peel. 
*Epe7ie> nakedness. 

Epengwe, a kind of house rat. 

Epepe^ shoulder. 
*Epete, pad, cushion. 

Epi, slap. 
*Epia, plu. ovapia, field. 

Epi7idi, a square bottle. 
*Epini, left hand. 

Epihci7iyo, festival for dead. 
*Eptpi, sluggishness. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



39 



*EpitOi door. 

Epole, a hard shelled fruit like 
orange in size and color. 

Eponde, a kind of fish. 

Epongopongo, elbow. 

Eponje, mistress. 

Epopo, staring ; a large gourd 
of beer. 
^Epuka, bug, worm. 
*Epukii) wave. 

Epulukutu, ravenous. 
*Epumbu, cob. 

Epundo, pillage. 

Epunga, a shock of hair. 
*Epungu, corn. 

Epitngu Ztoswai, shelled corn. 

Epungu liolomema, shelled 
corn. 

Epungu HombototOy unshelled 
corn. 

Epu7tyo, gap where tooth is 

lacking. 
*Epute y wound. 

Eputi, lump. 
*Epuvi) lung. 

Epzoila, pain throughout body, 
sickness from overwork. 
*Epzvima, panting. 
*Esa, plu. ovasa,) ear of corn. 
*EsaZa, egg. 

*Esanda, nonsense ; lie. 
*Esanya, a dress. 
*Esasa, goitre; crop of fowl. 
*Eseke, sand. 

Eseku, pauper, beggar. 

Esekuko, dirtiness; filthiness 
of person. 

Eselula, laziness ; disinclina- 
tion. 

Esenda,) a kind of grub. 

Esengu, medicine. 

Esenye, baldness. 
*Esepa y jealousy. 

Esesena, bare spot in grassy 
field. 



Esimci) a meek person; moder- 
ation ; honey of a small, wild 
bee. 
*Esina, larva of bee. 

Esinde, spear of grass. 
*Esinya, other side of river. 
*Esipa, vein ; tendon. 
*Est'sa, mat of grass. 

Esisi, forest. 

Esz'ta, refuse-heap. 

Esoko, slander ; equality. 

EsokoZuilo, joint. 
*EsoZa, wart, plu. hulled corn. 

Eso/o/o, a running sore. 

Esomo, a new hoe. 

Eso?tgo i greed. 

Esukii) tall grass. 

Esumbd) coward. 
*Esunga, right. 
*EsuugakO) wrong. 

Esunjulu, angleworm. 
*Esusu, corner of cloth. 

Eswa, kind of large ant. 
*Eswalali> soldier. 
*Eswaitga, leaves of manioc. 
^Eswenena,) tear. 
*Etaku, butt. 
*Etala, a hanging shelf. 
*Etali, today ; a stone. 

Etahiy a kind of bird. 
*Etama, cheek. 

Etamba, a fragrant-leaved tree. 
*Etambo, chapel (hut) of spirit 
of war. 

Etamina, small basket. 
*Etanda t chapel (hut) of spirit 
of hunt. 

Etandi, much rain, flood. 

Etanga, a kind of tree. 

Etango y gluttony. 

Etangola, a girding ; a hitching 
of clothes. 
^Etapa, corner rafter. 

Etata,) puddle ; pool of blood. 

Etateko, delay, procrastination. 



4Q 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Etatu, iguana. 
*Eteke, plu. oloneke, day. 

Etemba, deep hole in river. 

Etembo, adult woman. 
*Etemo^ hoe. 

Etenda^ cannon. 

Etendelciy upper corner of fore- 
head. 
*Etenyd, drought. 

Etepa, a coarse grass used in 
making ropes, mats, baskets. 

Etesu, a scrap of cotton ; bit of 
cloth. 

Etetele> rank grass. 

Etevo, fine; peace offering. 
*Etiko, ashes. 
*Etildi squash. 
*Etimba, body. 

Etimbu, sickness in family be- 
cause of infidelity of hus- 
band. 

Etombe, braid. 

Etombo, disobedience. 
*Etome, palm-rib. 

Etonda^ dung. 
*Etosi, drop. 

Etoto, baldness ; rapping ; re- 
venge. 
*Etu, per. pro., we. 
*Etuli, leech. 
*Etumbd, grove ; edge of forest. 

Etumu, fool. 

Etungu, deep bass voice ; roar 
of thunder. 

Etupa, dung. 

Etutu, trick. 
*Etwi y plu. ovdtwi, ear. 
*£vd, v. a., grieve, mourn, be 
homesick. 

Evdlo, circle ; wheel. 



Evdmbd, circumcision, okwe- 
nda kevamba, to go to be cir- 
cumcised. 

Evdmbi, whale. 
*Evdndd f crowd. 
*Evdndo^ slowness. 

Evango, sociable; gathering 
for conversation. 
*Evaya, board. 
*Eve, dust. 
*Eveke, fool. 
*£vele, pap, plu., milk. 

Evelo, misrepresentation. 

Evili, kind of weasel. 

Evimbi, spark ; kind of bird. 

Evindi, corner. 

Evovi, little sore. 

Evovo, dog-faced monkey. 

Evula, kitchen ; kind of bird. 

Evumba, crowd ; knot of per- 
sons. 
*Ewd, yes. 
*Ewe, plu. ovdwe^ stone, rock. 

Ewi, idleness, inaction. 

Ewu&a, nonsense. 
^Ewulutwi, skull. 
*Ewundu, jigger. 
*Ewuvi, spider. 

Eyd, v. a., beg. 

Eydki, dung. 

Eya/d, refuse-heap. 

Eydmbo, grave. 
*Eydo, bridge. 
*Eyavo, " run " of animals. 
*Eye, per. pro,, he. 
*Eyovo, acquittal ; salvation. 
*Evu, plu. ovdyn, tooth. 

Eyui, maniac; clown. 
*Eyundu, bell. 
*Eyuya, blister. 

Eyuyiy chicken. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



41 



*Fa, v. a., die. 
*Feld, v. s., be sullen. 

Felevela, v. a., pray. 
*Felula, v. a., jump, boil. 
*Fena, v. a., dig. 

Fenda, v. a., prostrate one's 
self, submit. 
*Fenya, v. a., take snuff. 
^Feta, v. a., pay. 
*Fetika, v. a., begin. 

Fevela, v. a., bear, bring forth 
child. 

Fima, v. a., breathe. 

Fina,) v. a., strike. 

Fomohd, v. s., fall from ; be dis- 
located. 



2, v. a., ravel. 
*Fuka, v. s., own, possess. 

Fnkina, v. a., abuse, villify. 

Fukukd, v. a., fall. 
*Fula, v. a., pound corn. 

Fulila^ v. a., go as far as ; end. 

Fumba, v. a., cheat. 
*Fu7ia, v. a., trade. 
^Funguld, v. a., rage. 
*Futa, v. a., put on head-dress. 

Futuka, v. a., escape. 
*Fuz>a, v. a., shrivel. 

Fwika, v. a., put in mouth vol- 
untarily. 



H. 



*&a, adj., all. 
*Haimo, always. 
*Hakd, an interjection of as- 
tonishment. 
Hana, blaze (sticks or trees). 
Handa, v. a., make friendship. 
*Haitdaitgala, adj., much, large. 
Handekciy speak another lan- 
guage. 
*He, interrog. part., what as to 
that. 



I. 



*Ika, v. s., be accustomed. 

Ikisa, v. a., gladden. 
*fko, fireplace, oven. 

Ilika, v. a., justify ; point. 
*Ilu, sky. 

*Iluka> v. a., move (to new resi- 
dence). 
Iluldy v. a., cure ; enable inva- 
lid to eat that which disagrees 
with him. 
*7md,v. a.,extinguish; bear fruit. 
*Zmba, v. a., throw ; sing. 
*Imbild t v. a., toss ; lay (egg). 



*Hend, yesterday, tomorrow. 
^Henanya, day before yesterday, 
day after tomorrow. 
Hind, v. a., refuse, disobey. 
* Hindu, v. a., treat, feast (transi- 
tive). 
*Hoyd, v. a., importune, insist. 
Hnkd, v. a., disobey; forage; 
garner. 
*Huvd, elder brother. 
Hwdngd, v. a., rob, steal. 

*/mbo, plu. oz'dz'mbo, village. 

Imbuld, v. a., reprove. 

Imbwisa, v. a., relate. 
*Imo, plu., ovdimo, belly. 
*Imuhd, v. a., cease. 
*/>&z, plu., ovdind) mother (his 

or her). 
*lnd, v. a., swallow. 
*Inakulu, queen. 

Inanu, uncle (on mother's side). 
*/ndsi, v. a., cast away. 

fnuna, v. a., slice. 

Inydtd, v. a., knead. 



42 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Ina, v. a., wind. 

Inani, malice, hate. 

Inumzma, v. a., unwind. 
*Iputa, mush. 
*/sm, (his) father. 
*Iso, plii. ovaso, eye. 

fsokotola, v. a., pick the teeth. 

Itika, v. a., knot. 
*Itila y v. a., pour. 



/&//«, a group of houses ; un- 
enclosed by palisade. 
*/va, v. a., steal ; change tipoia- 
pole from shoulder to shoul- 
der. 
*Ivala, v. a., forget. 

Ivalula, v. a., remember. 
*/ya, v. a., come. 



K. 



*Ka, the negative prefix. 
*A"tf, yes (woman's word of ac- 
ceptance). 

Ka, v. a., pick leaves. 

Kahonju, leopard. 

KaJmkai, cramp; fleecy clouds. 

Kakala, v. a., strike. 

Kakayala, v. a., finger ; handle. 

Kakula, v. a., behead. 

Kakundti) manslayer ; mur- 
derer. 
*Kala, v. s., be. 

Kalala, v. a., gargle ; " sing " 
(of hen). 

Kalasema, a mushroom. 

Kalela, v. a., cry out, call aloud. 
^Kalenge, cat. 
*Kaliye, now ; new. 
*Kolongo, parrot. 

Kaluka, v. a., cry. 

Kalala, v. a., rasp, scratch. 

Kalunga, a salutation. 

Kama, v. a., wring. 
*Kamba, v. s., lack, be wanting. 

Kambuka, v. a., differ, disagree. 

Kamosu, virgin. 
*Kanda, v. a., milk; surround (?) 
* Kanduka, v. a., ascend. 

Kandula, v. a., gallop, canter. 
^Kanduluka, v. a., emerge on 
other bank. 

Kanduni)iya y v. a., stop on 
verge of act. 
*Kanga, v. a., fry ; parch. 



Kangala, v. a., crush with pes- 
tle, tie olombala to osoka. 
*Kangisa,sr. a., torment; requite. 
Kanja, v. a., club out of tree; 

pick leaves. 
Kanya, v. a., gnaw corn ; begin 

and be unable to finish. 
Kanyama, v. s., be stout ; 
strong. 
*Kapa, v. a., place ; set, put. 
Kapiangu, thief. 
Kasa, v. s., be wet. 
*Kasi, v. s., be (locative). 
*Katu&a> v. a., arise. 
Katula, v. a., dispatch; start 
off. 
*Kava, v. s., be tired. 
*Kavenga, v. a., summon. 
*Kavisa, v. a., weary. 

Kawuluka, v. a., rest. 
*Keka, v. a., go slow. 
*Kela, v. a., brew. 

Keletwa, v. s., be sick. 
*Kelula, v. a., cut grass. 
*Kemba, v. a., lie. 
Ke7nbulula, v. a., expose a lie, 
undeceive. 
*Kenda, v. a., bury. 
Kendnka, v. a., gather (of thun- 
der clouds). 
*Kenja, v. a., strain. 
*Kenoha, v. a., scold. 
*Kesa, v. a., mince, hash. 
A"<?ta, v. a., give little. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



43 



Keteka,\. a., fold. 
Ketelela, v. a., unfold. 
*Kevelela, v. a., wait. 
^Kinga, v. a., stop. 
*j&"<?, prep., to; at; from. 
*Koka, v. a., pull, draw on ; 
cause. 
Kokoka, v. a., steal. 
Kokola, v. a., hoe. 
Kokoma, v. a., stutter. 
Kokovola, v. a., steal, and con- 
ceal in clothes. 
*Kola, v. s., be great; strong, 
solid, firm ; be unfortunate 
(too bad). 
*jtola, v. s., be wrong; be sa- 
cred. 
*Kolisd) v. a., intensify. 
Kolomona, v. a., hawk (and 
spit). 
*Kolonga, v. a., mud the second 

or third time ; whitewash. 
*Kolwa> v. s., be drunken. 
Koma^ v. a. and s., bellow ; be 
heavy. 
*Komba, v. a., sweep. 
Kombolola, v. a., dip out. 
Komoha, v. a., admire. 
Konda, v. a., make or trim a 

gourd. 
Jfonda, v. a., light a line of 

fires. 
Kondeldy v. a., rule; claim and 

counter-claim. 
Kondoka, v. a., turn back ; re- 
turn. 
Kondola, v. a., cut ; carve ; 
make round. 
*Konga, v. a., muster, assemble. 
*Kongela, v. a., put together; 
unite. 
Kongola, v. a., collect debts. 
JConja t v. a., cobble. 
Konyona, v. a., scrape with fin- 
gers and eat. 



*Kopa, v. s., be lean. 
Kopeka, v. a., meet. 
^Kosa, v. a., tread mud. 
*Kosala, v. a., call, make short 

visit. 
*Kosola, v. a., cough. 
Kotika, v. a., clasp the fingers. 
Kotola, v. a. and s., dawdle, be 

lazy. 
Kotovola, v. a., stoop slightly. 
Koya^ v. a., hold up clothes out 

of mud. 
Kuha> v. a., run swiftly. 
Kuhtina, v. a., talk at top of 
voice. 
*Kuka, v. s.. be worn, be old, be 

aged. 
*Kuku, grandparent ; a deferen- 
tial response. 
Kukululu* ancestor. 
Kukiimcii v. a., admire. 
*Kuknsa, v. a., brush the teeth. 
*Kuknta, v. s., be dry. 
Kukuva, v. a., walk stooping. 
Kula, v. a., grow. 
Kulamena, v. a., lean (on elbow, 

chair, etc.) 
Kirianga, v. a., give heed to in- 
struction. 
Kirfola, v. a., test ; try. 
Kuma> v. a., annoy ; weary. 
Kumba, v. a., grunt. 
Kumbiilula, v. a., answer. 
*Kuminya, v. a., nod assent ; 

grunt assent. 
*Kumiihci) v. a., nod (at a per- 
son). 
*Kuna, v. a., sow, plant. 
^Kiinamcii v. a., lean on elbow. 
^Kitnda, v. a., speak, orate. 
*Kiindukci) v. s., be fallen, be 

past the season. 
^Kundula, v. a., slaughter. 
*Kitnga, v. a., scour. 
*Kunguka, v. s., be faded. 



44 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



*Kimiha,i v. a., know. 
*Knnihisa, v. a., introduce ; 

teach. 
*Kupuka, v. s., be fallen. 
^Kitpula^ v. a., drop, fall. 
*Kusuka, adj., red. 
*Kusuluka^ adj., reddish. 
*Kitta, v. a., tie, bind. 
*Kutula, v. a., help put down a 

load. 
^Kutulula, v. a., untie, loose. 
Kwa, v. a., bark. 



*Kwama, v. a., follow. 

*Kwana> num. adj., four. 

*Kwata, v. a., seize. 

*Kwatisa, v. a., help. 

*Kwate!ela, v. a., seize at, grasp 
at. 

*Kwekesa,) v. a., chafe, rub to- 
gether. 

*Kwela, v. a., marry. 
Kwena, v. a., choke. 

*Kwenda, conj., besides, also. 

^Kweie^ v. a., have. 



Laika, v. auxil., to be about to. 
^Laka, v. a., pant (as dog). 
*Lala, v. a., pass the night, en- 
camp. 
*Laleka, v. a., invite. 

Lalekela, v. a., summon. 
*Lama, v. a., salute. 
*Lamana, v. a., ascend. 

Lamanana, v. s., be firm. 

Lamba, v. a., touch. 
*Lambela, v. a., gird up clothes. 

Lambi£iya,v.a.., gird up clothes. 
* ' Lambiika, v. a., hunger. 
* Lamenena, v. a., adhere, stick. 
*Landa, v. a., buy, sell. 
^Landulci) v. a., overtake. 

Langa, v. a., bid farewell. 

Languid, v. a., fall prostrate or 
dead. 
*Lana, v. a., fall. 
*Lahisa, v. a., visit in evening. 
*Lava y v. a., guard ; be a fool. 
*Lavekela, v. a., lie in wait, lurk, 

ambuscade. 
*Lave/a, v. a., watch, spy. 
*Lavoka, v. a., expect, await, 

hope for. 
*i>, suffix. Usually 1 — le=and 
— also. 

Leka, v. a., draw in pit of stom- 
ach. 



Lekata, v. a., lick. 
*Lekisa, v. a., point at show. 

Z*/tf, v. a., lull, soothe a child. 

Lelika, v. a., toast ; fire-dry. 
*Leluka, v. s., be light, be easy. 

Lehda, v. a., lighten, make 
light. 
*Lema, adj., heavy. 

Lemba, v. a., soothe, quiet. 

Lembela, v. a. (verb expressing 
fact that it will not rain). 

Lembika, v. a., fill in with dirt. 

Lembuka, v. s., be finished, be 
ended. 

Lemeha, v. a., lame, maim. . 

Letnena, v. a., pacify, make 
peace. 
*Lemina, v. a., thunder. 

Lemuna, v. a., grease the toes. 
*Lenda, v. a., swell. 

Lengelela, v. a., peer. 

Lengula, v. a., search, hunt, 
examine. 
*Lenguluka, v. a., hurry, go fast. 

Lengusula, v. a., search for, 

look for. 
^Lenalena, v. a., ail. 
*Lenena, v. s., be soft, be cheap. 

Lenuna,v. a., push away. 
*Lepi/ca, v. a., whet, sharpen. 

Lepo/a,v. a., chop a light stroke. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



45 



Lesa, v. a. r lick. 

Lesala, v. a., talk much. 
*Lete> v. a., see. 

Leva> v. a., insult ; challenge (?) 
*Levala, v. a., owe. 

Leya % v. a., shirk. 
*Z2, v. s., be (locative?) 
*Lta, v. a., eat. 
*Liakula, v. a., lighten, flash. 

Liana, v. a., brag. 
*Lianga, v. a., precede, be first. 
*Liangula, v. a., bewitch. 
*Liana, v. a., cheat. 
*Liapela, v. a., visit to get food, 
"sponge/' 

Liata, v. a., step, tread. 
*Liatela, v. a., step, stamp. 

Lienjela, v. a., divide. 
^Lihaika, v. a., distrust. 
*Lika, adj., alone. 

Lifcala, v. a., deny. 

Likapa, v. a., accommodate. 

Likayela, v. a., go in peace. 

Likeleteta, v. a., gnash. 

Likenya, v. a., grunt and strain. 

Likiya, v. a., shriek. 

Likondika, v. a., embrace. 

Likundika, v. a., aim (gun). 

Likupatiya, v. a., make one's 
self unwelcome. 
*Likutila, v. a., bring offering 
and pray for success. 

Likwalula, v. a., comb. 
*Lila, v. a., cry. 
*Ltlongisa, v. a., learn. 

Lilumbila, v. a., shrink (of 
cloth). 
*Lima, v. a., cultivate. 
*Lzmba y v. a., slip the memory. 

Limbika, v. a., feign ignorance. 

LimbikiUiy v. a., excuse one's 
self; justify one's self. 
*Limlmka, v. a., recognize. 

Limbulala y v. a., applaud. 

Limbulula, v. a., expose a lie. 



Limeneha, v. a., come early, 
promptly. 
^Limina^. s., be stingy. 
Lindula, v. a., supplant, "cut 

out." 
*Linga, v. a., do. 
Linyahana, v. a., separate, go 

different roads. 
Linyenga, v. a., swing. 
Linununa* v. a., ravel, draw 
out threads. 
Liolola, v. a., stretch one's self. 
*Lzomina,v. s., be unintelligible. 
*Liongolola, v. a., assemble. 
Lipakuttcla,Y. a., brush off flies. 
Lipanda, v. a., brag. 
Lipeka, v. a., strut, be a dude. 
Lipendusula, v. a., extract. 
Lipeteka, v. a., curve. 
*Lipinyanyoha, v. a., pass each 
other. 
Liponda, v. a., strangle. 
Lipundidula, v. a., separate ; 
disperse. 
*Ltsa, v. a., feed. 
Lisanumuna y v. a., deploy. 
Lisemisa, v. a., mix. 
Lisiefiuka, v. a., slip. 
Lisinda, v. a., crowd, jostle, 
hustle. 
*Lisinga, v. a., swear, invoke a 
curse. 
Lisipula, v. a., lick one's fin- 
gers. 
Lisokela, v. a., disagree; be 

unequal. 
Lisokiya, v. a., give. 
Lzsola,v. a., dislike and reject. 
*Ltsungwa, v. a., neighbor. 
LisuTiama y v. a., meet, look 
each other in the face. 
* Lisuvika, v. a., control one's 
self. 
Lisuvilika, v. a., distrust. 



4 6 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Litakzma, v. a., chew with 

effort. 
Litanya, v. a., entangle. 
Litahila, v. a., wrestle. 
Litepusula, v. a., lick the lips. 
Litikd, v. a., rub (eyes) ; pick 

(ears). 
Litina^ v. a., brawl. 
Litokola t v. a., work incessantly. 
Litukowaila, v. a., blunder, mis- 
take, mispronounce ; when 
asked for one thing to bring 
something else. 
* Litumbika, v. a., put one's self 
under protection of another; 
enslave one's self. 
*Livala, v. a., go slowly, do 

slowly. 
^Livanga, v. a., precede. 
*Livela, v. a., long for, covet. 

Livembika,) v. s., be cloudy. 
*Livondela, v. a., appease, 

soothe, submit. 
*Liwek(iy v. a., hush, keep still. 
Liwewa, v. s., be abundant. 
Liyava, v. a., eat much. 
*Liyula, v. a., cry out ; cry (of 

beast or bird). 
*Loka, v. a., fall. 
Lola, v. a., price. 
Loleka, v. a., arrange in row. 
Loluka, v. a., shed (leaves.) 
*Lomba, v. a., beg. 

Lombela, v. a., wallow. 
*Lombiliy adv., rapidly. 
*Lomboka> v. a., jump. 
Lombolciy v. a., harvest, husk, 

garner. 
Lombolola, v. a., explain. 
*Londa, v. a., climb. 
*Londeka, v. a., put overhead. 
Londola, v. a., stay too long ; 
be too much. 
*Longa, v. a., be deep. 
*Lougela y v. a., pack, load. 



^Longisa, v. a., teach. 
Longola, v. a., overpay, be 

liberal. 
Longolola, v. a., pour (from one 

dish into another). 
Lona t v. a., shoot straight ; put 

in straight. 
*Lono7ioha, v. s., be prudent, 

wise. 
*Lova, v. a., fish. 
*Lowa> v. a., bewitch. 
*Loya, v. a., shoot. 
Z2/<2, v. a., fight. 
Luahana, v. s., be busy. 
*Luahanisa, v. a., bother, incom- 
mode. 
*Luka, v. a., name. 
*Lukiya y v. a., put one thing in 
place of another ; change, 
misrepresent. 
Lukumwi, v. a., hop. 
Luktita, v. s., be bold, impu- 
dent. 
*Lula, adj., bitter. 
Lula, v. a., cry out, wail. 
Lulika, v. a., make, arrange. 
*Licluma t v. a., shiver, tremble. 
*Lumana, v. a., bite. 
Lumba, v. a., own, possess. 
Lumba t v. a., present to spirits, 
offer. 
*Lumbila t v. a., feather arrow ; 
load cartridge. 
Lumbula, v. a., receive price of 
whoredom. 
Lumuha, v. a., descend, go 
down into. 
*Lundika, v. a., heap up, amass. 
*Lundila, v. a., slander, accuse 
falsely. 
Lundula, v. a., push, roll down 

stones. 
Lundiduila, v. a., push over or 
away. 
*Lunga t v. a., caution, advise. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



47 



Lungala, v. s., be wild. 
Lungayala, v. a., peer, stare 
about. 
*Lunguka, v. s., be shrewd, 

wary. 
*Lungula, v. a., caution, warn. 
Lunguluka, v. s., be angry. 

*Maha, v. a., taste. 

Mahuna^ v. a., tear. 
*Mai, mother (of first person). 
*Makela y v. a., eat. 
*Maleha, v. a., arm. 

Mamoha, v. s., be meddlesome. 
*Mana?j. a., finish, mud,plaster. 
^Mane^ adj., alien. 
*Mangala, v. a., play, joke. 
*Manje, younger brother or 
sister. 

Manayala> v. a., stare about, be 
restless. 
*Mbote, adj., fine, excellent. 
*Mbumbulu, adj., short. 
*Mekonda, conj., because. 
*Memena y v. a., smile. 
*Mena, v. a., sprout, spring up. 
* Menahena,sr .&., send greetings. 

Meswe, one of same age, a con- 
temporary. 
*d//, adj., bad. 

*Naito, little. 
* Nakaliokalioko, palate. 
Namuna, v. a., seize (one who 
flees). 
*JVana, v. a., pull. 
Nanda, morning star. 
Nangisa, v. a., refuse to let an 
article be examined. 
*Nawa, brother or sister-in-law. 
^Ndaka, crier, herald. 
*Ndati, what ; how ; no. 
*Ndokuti (lit. if saying), as if to 
say. 



*Lununa, v. a., burn (intrans.) 
*Lufiuka, v. a., run. 
^Lupwisa, v. a., rout. 

Luva, v. a., beg food. 

Ltivikiya, v. a., draw a picture. 
*Luweya, v. a., miss. 



M. 



Milu/a, v. a., spur; dig in ribs. 
*Mina, v. s., be pregnant. 

Minyuna y v. a., steal, rob. 
*Mina, v. a., eat meat. 
*Minasala, v. s., be unintelli- 
gible. 
*Misi, adj., pregnant. 
*Mm/ia, v. s., be straight. 
*Mo7ta, v. a., see. 
*Moneha> v. a., appear. 
*Mose, num. adj., one. 
^Mosula^ v. a., finish. 
*Mukai) sister. 

Mupa, v. a., run. 
*Mwe, adj., some. 
*Mwene y same. 
^Mweni) owner, master. 

Mwena, v. a., grimace, make 
faces. 

Mwiya, adj., difficult, trouble- 
some. 



N. 



*A r dopo, immediately. 
*Ndoto % thus ; so ; so (sense of 
enough). 
Nduiiduminya, v. a., exagger- 
ate. 
*Neha, v. a., stink. 

Nemiina, v. a., choke. 
*Nena, v. a., bring. 
*Nene> adj., large. 
Nenga, v. a., share, own. 
Ntngula, v. a., have abundant 

crops. 
Nehane, adj., odd, unmated 



4 8 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



*Neta, v. s., be fat. 

Ngoma, a kind of mushroom. 
*Nia % v. a., vacuate the faeces. 
*Noke, adv., soon, presently. 
Nomwisa, v. a., prepare first- 
fruits of a field to be eaten 
in company of husband. 
*A T ona, v. a., choose, pick. 
*Nosoyo, parting salutation to 

one who is leaving. 
*Nua, v. a., drink. 
Nimga, v. s., be exposed, con- 
victed by the poison test. 
Nimgulciy v. a., stare, look 
about. 
*JVununu, eldest son. 
*Nyani(i) v. a., suck. 
* Nyamuna, v. a., talk nonsense. 
*JVyana 9 v. a., dislike, repudiate. 
^Nyaneha^ v. a., dry. 
Nyangata, v. a., swagger. 
Nyanyumana, v. a., unfold, 

spread, open. 
Nyanyuna^ v. a., tear in bits, 

destroy. 
Nyaha, v. a., seek food. 

*Nami, adj., howmuch,plu. how 
many. 

*JVana, adj., sour. 
Nanatidi v. a., blur (intrans.) 

*Nena, adj., dazzling; varie- 
gated ; many colored. 

*Ocala, mat of reeds. 
*Oca/i, gift ; grace. 
*Ocahi, chair. 

*Ocambelo, lawn before village 
gate. 

Ocambo, wicker cage. 

Ocandalciy aloes. 
*OcanjU) nest. 

*Ocasa, a drink made of ocimb- 
ombo and honey. 



Nyanula, v. a., pick up and put 

into mouth. 
Nyaiiuna, v. a., take up, take 

away. 
Nyata, v. a., apply powder to 
sore. 
* Nye ha, v. a., take away, snatch 

away. 
*Nyemana, v. a., refuse. 
*Nyenena, v. a., disappear. 
*Nyenisa, v. a., lose. 
Nyenuna, v. a., scowl. 
Nyenya, v. a., distribute, share. 
*Nyehisa t v. a., supple. 
*Nyina, v. a., sprinkle. 
*Nyoita, v. a., damage. 
*Nyoneha y v. s., be crushed, 
spoiled. 
Nyonama, v. a., bow, stoop, sit 

with face in hands. 
Nyula, v. a., refuse one and ac- 
cept another. 
*Nyumana 9 v. s., be sulky, sul- 
len. 
Nyunula, v. a., hide. 



iV. 



*yW, adj., common, ordinary, 
worthless. 

*JVo, verbal suffix, only, just. 

*JVwana, v. a., go around; cir- 
cle. 



O. 



Ocaszt, custom ; connecting- 
words. 

OcavOj udder. 

Ocela, a game (played with 
beans). 

Ocenu, a nut like the peanut. 
*Ocienye 9 burrowing-cricket. 
*Ocifuko, hair. 
*Ocifukuma, sweet potato. 
*Ocifumbe, murderer; robber. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



49 



*Ocifuto, head-dress. 
*Ocihemba, medicine ; fetish. 

Ociholo, occupation. 

Ocihonyo, numbness. 
*Ocihopio, tick. 

OcihungulUy owl. 
*Ocihwanga, robber. 

Ocika, friendship. 

Ocikakula, cold. 

OcikalevekO) litter for carrying 
animals. 
^Ocikalu, thigh. 

Ocikamba, an edible root. 
*Ocikanda, palm (of hand). 
*Ocikanya, green corn. 
*Ocikafia, stout cloth. 
*Ocikasa, box. 
*Ocikasau, pantaloons. 

Ocikatalamba, cramp. 

Ocikatamba,. numbers. 

Ocikelisitu, large man. 

Ocikene, courage ; sacking. 
*Ocikenge, paroquet. 
*Ocikete, nail. 

Ociko, fireplace. 

Ocikokoto, frost. 

Ocikole y water or earth colored 
by iron ore. 
^Ocikolo, island ; stronghold, 

cave of refuge. 
*Ocikoloto, tripe. 
*(Jcikombeo, refuse, sweepings. 
*Ocikongelo, mustering camp. 

Ocikovata, nonsense. 

Ocikiikithi, begging. 
^Ociktckuso, tooth-brush. « 

Ocikula, a disease marked by 
swollen legs. 

Ocikuli, a gate board, a gate 
bar. 
*0cikidungU) pig-trough. 
Ocikulunjinji) middle - aged 
woman. 

Ocikulupi, worthless hoe- 
handle. 



*Ocikuhiwiya, widower, widow. 

Ocikuntba, owner of many 
slaves. 

Ocikum bitty ange r . 

Ocikumbu, heartburn. 
^Ocikumo, protruding forehead. 

Ocikundo, handle. 
*Ocikungalo, pestle. 

Ociktmgu, large gourd, 

Ocikunya % " salt lick." 

Ocikutila,) parcel. 
*Ocikiito, coat. 
*Ocikuyuyu, five feet six inches 

of cloth. 
*Ocikwamanga> crow. 

Ocikwambciy manioc-bread. 

Ocikwambiy a " stay-at-home. ,, 

Ocikwaiiga, thrust. 
*Ocikwaputu, European. 
*Oci/a, custom ; place for danc- 
ing. 

Ocilamba, beauty. 
^Ocilandciy m acuta, present 
brought to girl by suitor. 
*Ocilanda!a, cloth that does not 

meet around the loins. 
*Ocilelembia, shadow of person. 

Ocilemcty lame. 
^Ocilembe, calla lily. 
*OcilembOy shade. 

Ocilenciy abdomen. 
*Ocilenda, tumor; boil. 

Octlenga, chicken fat. 

Ocilenge, the short, drooping 
feathers on neck and flanks 
of rooster. 

Ocilehenciy reiteration. 

Ocileniy echo. 
*Ociliangu, wizard. 
*Ociliy truth. 

Ocilianu, glutton. 

Ocilindoy flat wooden dish. 

Ocilimu, custom. 
*Ociliva< mash-trap ; dead-fall. 

Ocilo, an edible root. 



5o 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



*Ocilombo, camp. 
*Ocihilu, spirit. 
Ocilumbci) begging. 
Ocilumbulumbu, trick, puzzle. 
Ocihcnga, enmity. 
Ocima, clay pit; bit taken 
from bed of wizard to cure his 
victim. 
*Ocimaho, target. 
*Ocimama, ruined house. 
Ocimambic, crutch. 
Ocimana^ medicine. 
*Ocimanda> chopping bowl. 
Ocimanga, corral. 
Ocimangu, crutch. 
*Ocimano, wall. 
Ocimbaka, palisade partly 
mudded up. 

Ocimbakati, fugitive debtor. 
Ocimbakoko, a " stay-at-home." 
*Ocimbanda, doctor. 
Ocimbandi, flat ant-structure 
used for pounding corn. 
Ociinbeka, five feet six inches 
of cloth. 
Ocimbelia, beans. 
* -Ocimbiambhilu, butterfly. 
Ocimbo, gash (in tree). 
Ocimbokoto, highwayman. 
^Ocimbombo, beer. 
*Ocimbombo cokapata, beer two 
days old. 

Ocimboiido, blackguard. 
*Ocimboto y toad. 
*Ocimbu y lawsuit. 
*Ocimbiimb(i) single person. 
Ocimbundianga, a dance ; a 
ruffian. 
*Ocimbundu y one of the race 
which inhabits Oviye, Ornba- 
lundu. 

Ocimbnngu, wolf. 
*OcimbwahukUy a disobedient 
person ; a blunderer. 
Oct?nbwekOy large snuff-box. 



Ocimbwena, a slattern, a sloven. 

Ocimelenge^ stump. 
^Ocimemene, a smiler. 

Ocimena, goods. 

Ocimina, a short, thick grass- 
hopper. 

Ocimongwa, a kind of mush- 
room. 
*Ocimti t ant-hill. 
*Ocimumba, nephew. 

OcimimgU) old deserted house. 
^Ocimtcmi, robber. 

Oci?nwandu y shark. 

Ocina, thing. 

Ocinama^ thigh. 

Ocindambala, a Gangela ax. 

Ocindendembunda % fool. 

Oci 11 din di, fool. 
*Ocindiundiu, jigger. 
*Ocinduli, nobleman. 
*Ocindulili) roof of corn-crib. 
^Ocindtdulu, stout, large per- 
son. 
*Ocine, large wooden mortar. 

Ocinene, rabbit-like animal. 

Ocingambangamba, orphan ; 
pauper (?). 

Ocingandambele, circle. 

Ocingangala, a "tramp." 

Ocinganji, a masked person, 
*Ocingelengele, ear-ring. 

Ocingolongolo y joint. 

Ocingonge, snail. 
*Ocingongo, small -pox. 

Ocingonya, hair, abundant and 
thick. 
*Ocingufu, large drum. 

Ocingithilu, doorless house in 
which pigs, goats, etc., congre- 
gate. 
*Ocingumba t robber. 

Ocmgtisa, corn -worm. 

Ocingwanda, a large bean. 

Ocingwandala, large cake of 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



51 



*Ocingwani, Irish potatoes. 
*Oci7igwe, a large beetle, with 

long antennae. 
*Ocingwi, a fruit ; a black ant. 
Ocinimbti, any short person or 
thing. 

Ocinjalambi, hunger. 
Ocinjambala, a parasite on 
trees. 
*Ocinjanja t small hollow (basin- 
like). 

OcinjanjO) a kind of bird. 
Ocinjawe, a joker, a funny man. 
Ocinjeha, a coat. 
Ocinjoko, fault, crime. 
*Ocmjo/a, laughter. 
*Ocinjulolo, cricket. 
*Ocinonya, epilepsy. 
^Ocinunga, bracelet. 
*Ocinyama, animal. 
*Ocinyanga, slough, mire. 
Ocinye, aurora, brightness, re- 
flection. 

Ocinyene % brake, fern. 
Ocinyimame, backwards. 
Ocinyoi, a kind of bird ; fig ; 
waster ; damager. 
Ocinyomba, arrow. 
Ocinyundu, a smudge ; a smoke 
made by firing green leaves. 
Ocinonya, hair in arm-pit. 
Ocihumanuma,) a little idol. 
*Oczpa, skin. 
Ocipakasa, mat used as curtain. 
Ocipakupaki/, sleeplessness. 
*Ocipala, forehead. 
*Oczpamba, lintel. 
Ocipandekela, \ connection of 
Ocipandekiso, ) words in a sen- 
tence ; links of 
a sentence. 
*Ocipando, maul ; crotched 

knife-holder. 
*Ocipanga, hilled row of corn. 
Ocipanji) dandruff. 



*Ocipanya> crotched stick for 
holding sickle. 

Ocipapo, bladder (of beast). 

Ocipato, beggary. 

Ocipela, rind, peel, skin. 
*Ocipelekese, husk. 
*Ocipembe, an abandoned field. 

Ocipemene, anger; impudence. 
^Ocipenye, envy. 
*Ocipepe y whirlwind. 
*Ocipese, stub ; snag. 

Ocipetapeta, bark. 

Ocipete, purse; satchel. 
*Ocipindi> trade ; merchandise. 
*Ocipinduko> occupation ; busi- 
ness. 

Ocipinyo, small, ill-favored 

Pig- 

Ocipitasi) ground under which 

a stream flows. 

Ocipiyo, stinginess. 

Ocipo, calamity. 
^Ocipoke, beans. 
*Ocipombala, urgency, haste. 

Ocipombo, dislike ; self-love ; 
opinion. 
*Ociponda, nicotine. 

Ocipotolwa, bladder. 

Ocipukupuku, ruffian. 
*Ocipuhikala, diarrhoea. 
*Ocipululu, avarice, covetous- 

ness. 
^Ocipttmbu, maw. 

Ocipumbulu, bevy ; covey. 

Ocipumiti, fungus that grows 
on trees. 
*Ocipunda,) first war after a 

king's accession. 
*Ocipundo, hut (in field). 
*Ocip2indiikwa, bruise. 

Ocipungu, back-biting. 

Ocipupa, small gourd. 
*Ocipupala, cap-sheaf. 

Ociptipti, act of beginning a 



52 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



speech with clap of hands 
and interested exclamation. 
Ocipwepwe, niggard. 
Ocisaka, porcupine. 
Ocisambo, headsman. 
Ocisame, hair. 
Ocisamo, small brush. 
Ocisanda, reed mat (for bed). 
Ocisangu, corn tassel. 
^Ocisangwa, beer (one day old). 
*Ocisanji, a kind of musical in- 
strument. 
*Ocisapa, bough. 
Ocisapi, glutton. 
Ocisela, fool. 

Ocisembe, child of about five 
years age. 
*Ocisembi, record, tally. 
*Ocisende, heel. 
Ocisepesepe, flower ; honey. 
Ocisese, worthless mat. 
Ocisesena, a bushy- tailed rat. 
Ocisetahai, imitation ; resem- 
blance. 

Ocisevo, garden bed. 
Ocisiakana, plant resembling 
mandioc. 

Ocisiakatd) a rubbing of medi- 
cine. 
*Ocisze, sluggard; drone. 
Ocisiete corn-crib. 
Ocisima, one who keeps silent ; 
a meek person. 
*Ocisi?tda, cold ; catarrh. 

Ocisinga, a shock of hair. 
*Ocisiitgi, stump. 
Ocisiota, brush ; brush fence. 
Ocisipo, cold season ; abun- 
dant crop. 

Ocisiwe, house whose owner is 
dead. 

Ocisoka, double tooth. 
Ocisoko, cooperation ; feast. 
*Ocisol(i) love. 



Ocisolose, season of springing 
grass and budding leaves, 
just before wet season. 
*Ocisolososo,.ax\. incidental; a 

small expense. 
*Ocisonde, an army ant. 
*Ocisongo, stinger. 
Ocisongwi, auger. 
Ocisoso, cultivated field. 
Ocisuku, circle; circle-fire. 
Onjevo yovistthu, hunt of 
circle-fires. 
*Ocisumba, tail (of bird). 
*Ocisttmbilo, respect. 
* Ocisumbututit, a kind of ant. 
*Ocisungo, song. 
*0cisunjz, festival for the dead. 
*Oczsupe, a needless thing ; a 
superfluity. 
Ocisusu, a fugitive. 
^Ociswi) wildcat. 

Ocitakafeka, one who is lost. 
*Octtakaya, jigger. 
Ocitakula, one who is be- 
witched, gets lost, and 
perishes. 
*Ocitakumbi, about io A. M. 
*Ocitanda> market. 

Ocitatamena, mire, slough. 
*Ocitatami> blunderer. 

Ocitawa, shell arrowhead. 
*Ocitei> shoulder. 
*Ociteka, image, idol. 
*Ocitele, load. 
Ocitelembe, shelter. 
Ocitemba, cold. 
Ocitembo, a sunless day. 
Ocitena^ power. 
*Ocitende, dumb or deaf per- 
son; blockhead. 
Ocitenga, a company, assembly. 
Ocitengasola^ a company, 
gathering. 

Ocitiakatdi phthisic, consump- 
tion. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



53 



*Ocitina, fringe of girdle ; 

blasted corn. 
*Ocitiva, hard corn. 
*Ocito, wooden spoon. 
*Ocitofwe, one-eyed man. 
*Ocztomo, a punch ; a long 

needle. 
*Ocitovoitgo, vagabond. 

Ocitumbe, blockhead. 
*Oa'£u;iu, ditch; burrow; grave. 
*Ocitupi, ram. 

Ociticsi, crime. 
*Ocituto, cloudy day. 

Ocitutu, empty keg. 
*Ocitutu!a, half- bale. 

Ocihtvikciy one unaware of the 
plots made against him. 

Ocitwci) habit, custom. 
*Ociva, pool, lake. 
*Ocivaleko, beginning. 
*Ocivalo, color. 

Ocivango, clap of thunder. 

Ocivava, frost. 

Ocivela, wrought iron. 
^Ocivelekoy cloth by which child 
is slung upon the back. 

Ocivenje, a female. 

Ocivimbi, corpse. 
^Ocivinda, blacksmith. 

Ociviovio, long silken hair. 

Ocivonde, backbiting. 

Ocivungu, growl, roar. 

Ocivuvu, chicken. 
*Oawa, fragment of gourd. 

Ociwala, broken ground. 
*Ociwe> hail. 
*Oa'wo, kitchen. 
*Ociyalo, bedclothes. 

Ociyambi, a good hunter. 

Ociyeli, chin. 
*Oayo, potsherd ; frying-pan. 
*Oczyokola, sitting-room, talk- 
ing-room. 

Ociyula, half of hive. 
*Oco % that ; yes. 



*Ocoeci (lit. that, this), exactly 
so. 

Ocoko, a kind of bird. 

Ocopalanga, mistress. 
*Ocova, clown, buffoon. 
*Ocumbo, garden. 
^Ocunda, drove ; corral ; pen. 
*Oaiva, womb. 
^Ofeka, country. 
*Ofela, wind. 

Ofiengu, shrill whistle. 
*Ofoya, a tin ; tin. 

Ofuka, debt. 
*Ofule t corn soaked for pound- 
ing. 
* Ofundanga, gunpowder. 
*Ohalakata, gravel. 
*0/ia/e, a kind of bean. 
*0/ia/i, misfortune. Okutala 
ohali) be unfortunate. 

Ohalula, beginning of rainy- 
season. 

Ohalwa, lateness, tardiness. 

Ohambi, loss ; lack. 
*Okaitda, rock. 

Ohandi) tail of dog. 
*Okanga, guinea-fowl. 
*Ohangalo, beam. 

Ohanganjo, falsetto. 
*Ohango, conversation. 
*Ohangolo, dearth, scarcity. 
*0/iapza i arm-pit. 

O/iasa, albino; reason; cause; 
fault. 
*Ohata, pad ; gift after pay- 
ment. 
*Okatu, greed ; meat hunger. 

Okavala, line of deploy (in 
hunt). 

Ohe, contagion. 
*0/ie/a, lime. 
*0/zenda, kindness. 

Ohendi, hard, unsoaked corn. 

Ohenjengo, small drum. 
*Okesz, sneeze. 



54 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



*Oheta, cold mush. 
^Oheyo, cheese. 
*Ohindikiso, hospitality. 

Ohoha, a small animal (deer ?). 
*Ohoka y a file (of warriors) ; 

side path. 
*Ohokahoka, buzzard. 
*Ohokolwa, crazy-bone. 
Ohola, price. 

Oholanganjo, latch; bolt. 
*0/io/e, sin ; wrong doing. 

Oholetelo, a miser. 
*Okolwa, a drunken person. 
Oho??ibe^ one whose dress does 
not cover his thigh. 
*0/iombo, goat. 
OhomotiO) a very small kind of 
fly. 
*Ohondo, crook (of path); pri- 
vate room. 

Ohondongolo, storehouse. 
Ohongela, a joining; a putting 
together. 
*Okongolo, potato-bug. 
*Ohonji, bow. 
*Ohopa, land between two 
streams that unite. 
Ohovongi, rake; whore mas- 
ter. 
*Ohukwe, plebeian. 
*Okzdukai, old woman. 
*Ohnlunguta, a blockade be- 
cause of death of a great 
man. 
*Okuhcwa y old woman. 
Ohuma, locust ; unweariable- 
ness. 
*Ohumba^ basket. 
Ohnmbi, large field rat ; kind 
of tree. 
*Ohumbihumbi> vulture. 

Ohume, crust. 
*Ohuminya, a grunter (person). 
Ohundo, speech ; visit of 
state. 



Ohunga, a large kind of fish. 
Ohunji, worm-eaten corn. 
*Ohunya, bludgeon ; knotted 
club. 

Ohupci) tick. 
^Ohuta, provisions. 
Ohuti, aggregation of beans in 
a hole (in a game something 
like checkers). 

Okwakwa, a kind of large rat. 
*Okwasi, rich man. 
OAwi, a kind of small rat. 
Ohwiu, a kind of small animal. 
Okaceke, fiddle. 
Okacocolo, a small allowance 
of corn. 

Oka/zcnde, sickness. 
Okaholototo, dwarf. 
Okakoloto, small bag of salt. 
Okakondombolo, kind of small 
red mushroom. 
*Okakunde, primrose. 
Okalimbi, person who, though 
evil spoken of when present, 
does not perceive that he is 
the one meant. 
*Okalunga, spirit-world; 
hades ; ocean. 
Okambanda, young slave. 
*Okaminyu, highwayman. 
Okomo?nona, gnat. 
Okamukumuktc, biceps. 
Okanamina, zigzag braids. 
Okandondo,, weasel. 
Okandu, side. 

Oka7idumbci) screen ; parti- 
tion. 
*OkangungU) an arbutus-like 
flower. 

Okapa y gun cover. 
Okapambdy eagle. 
*Okapote, overcoat. 
*Okapulungu, widow ; widower. 

Okasambi, refutation. 
*Okasongu, beads. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



55 



Okasukusuku, hiccough. 
Okatalakumbi, back (between 
shoulders). 

Okatamba, a kind of poison. 
Okateta, dwarf corn. 
*Okati> midst ; middle. 
Okatiamba, kind of bean. 
Okatikitiki, upside down, in- 
verted. 

Okaveto, small portion. 
Okavonde, sensitiveness ; tem- 
per. 
Okayike, royal powder-house ; 
magazine. 
Okawiyawiya, kind of bush ; 
the kernel under jaw bone; 
kernel in groin. 
• Okelombo, grasshopper. 

Okeve^ lagoon; wide place in 
river. 

Okolola^ v. a., pay only part of 
the fine. 
Okoptc, cup. 

Okovi, a kind of small spider. 
*Oku, there, thither ; the infini- 
tive prefix. 
Okulu y leg. 
^Okuti, saying ; that. 
Okutwa, bleeding wound. 
Okwelu, puffed arrangement of 
hair of the married women. 
Okwenju, boy. 
*Okwenye, dry season. 

Okweve, pitfall. 
*Okwoko, arm. 
Ola?tdikeswa, a chafed spot. 
Olangi, a prostrate person ; a 
fallen person. 
*Olata, tin can. 
*Oliakulu, lightning. 
Olisoli, a self-lover ; a rejecter; 
one who dislikes and rejects. 
*Olohana, itch. 
*Olohono, strength. 
*Olohwi, fuel. 



Olomanya, ore. 

Olombanjo, lower jaw. 
^Olombendo, flute. 

Olombonde, tattling ; news. 
^O lorn bongo, money. 
*Olomema, corn, beans, and 

grain in general. 
*Olomeitya, stockings. 

Olonamalala, doubts. 

Olonambelo, boasting of pos- 
sessions. 

Olondia,) food. 

Olondondolo, spread of roots. 
*Olo7tgende, travelers. 
^Olonjele, beard. 
*Olonoflo> matter in corner of 
eye. 

Olonuna, stupidity. 
*Oloseke, grits. 

O/oszsi, faggots. 

Oluanga, boil. 

Oluango, ridge. 
*Oluhaku, sandal. 
*Oluhamwi> musquito. 

Oluhava, switch, withe, supple 
stick. 
*Oluhiso, bed-bug. 
*Oluhonji, bowstring. 

Oluhnma, grasshopper. 
*Oluhwate> reprisal. 

Oluhwela, marriage. 
*Oluiko, pudding-stick. 
*Olm'so, greed ; envy. 

Olukandi, loud talk. 
*Olukango, parched corn. 

Olukangola, rainbow. 

Olukata, anvil. 

Olukavo, weakness. 

Olukoko, begging ; the act of 
joining in a conversation be- 
fore understanding what it is 
about. 

Oluku, a grain similar to mus- 
tard seed. 

Olukuki. lower sill. 



56 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Olukusi, cuff, slap. 
Olukuta, scapegrace. 
Olukwambi, decree; proclama- 
tion. 

OluliusU) sores that result 
from fllthiness. 
Olulungu % snuff-box. 
Olumanji) post. 
Olu?nanyula, lightning. 
Olumapu, likeness, imitation. 
*Olumati i rib. Kolomati, to the 

north, to the south. 
*Olumbala, a kind of bush; 
hoop, band, pole. 
Olumbandi, bare ground. 
Olumbemba, bottle fly. 
*Olumbi, leaf ; white hair. 
*Olumbo, palisade. 
*Olumbombo, root. 
Olumbuli, horned sheep. 
Olumbumba, tattooing. 
Olumbwa, a kind of weed. 
Olumbwe, restitution ; inter- 
ference (?). 
*Ohime, dew. 
*Olumenyi, roach. 
*Ohimepi, an odorous nut. 
*OlumwinyO) mirror ; berry-like 
fruit. 

Olunalo, a puzzle (drawn on 
ground). 

Oltcnama, occupation. 
Olunanda, spur. 
*Olunatoma, doubt; denial. 
Ohinda, interference on be- 
half of another ; rescue. 
Olundembanga, fruit of wild 

Oliindimboy string of beads. 

Olundindi, tail feathers of 
rooster. 
*Oliindovi, bark string. 
*Olundulili, small bat. 

Olundumba, a kind of animal. 



*Olundunge, sense, wits. 
* Olundungu, pepper. 

Ohinelenge^ dry leafless brush. 
*OliingayawcL) fruit of the 

guava. 
*OhmgeIa, kidney. 
* Olungembia, pain, travail. 
* ' Olungenda, journey. 

OlungUy vine. 
*Ohtngupa, peanut. 

Ohtnima, germ. 
*Ohmjala, finger nail. 

Olunjenje, fringe. 
^Olunjinje, black ant. 
* Olunjita, shoe-string. 

Ohmjula, piece of bark. 

Olunomba, spring pole. 

Olununga, foolishness. 

Olunutu, a small yellow pulpy 
acid fruit. 

Ohmwasa, a long leg. 

Olunwi, squash seed. 
*Oltcnye 9 fly. 

Ohtnyua, kind of reed. 
^Olunyihi, bee. 
*Oluoso, rice. 
*Olupese, speed, swiftness. 

Ohlpili, importunity. 

Ohipusa, skull cap ; fez ; 
barrete. 

Olusaka, an edible bulb (sweet 
potato-like). 

Ohcsakato, hoof. 

Olusambo, fine wire. 

Olusapzt, tradition, story. 

Olusase, spark. 
*Olusemo> cupper (of horn). 

Oluseta, large, bean-like seed. 
*Olusi, fish. 

Olusimba, leopard. 
* Olusinga, rheumatism. 
*Olusipa, tendon; bow-string. 

Olusoka, ridge. 
*Olusolo, bullet. 

Oluswakala, splinter, sliver. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



57 



Oluswakeko y funnel. 

Olutangila, a kind of small 
snake. 

Olutano, a trial, a suit. 
*Olute, saliva; slobber. 

Oluteya, young rabbit. 

Olutimbo, lewdness, lechery. 

Olutimi, barrenness. 

Oluto, a little ; not much. 

Olutu, black cloth. 
*Olutukuta i embers. 

Oluvali, second wife ; again, 
the second time. 
*Oluvi, hair of the body. 
*0/uvi/t, a small, cyprus-like 

tree. 
*0/uwa, outside (without). 

Oluwawa, a fragrant plant. 
*Olnweyo, broom. 
*Olnwi plu. olondwi, river, 
brook, stream. 

Oluwiya, proclamation. 

Oluwulu y swelling. 
*Omai, foot. 

Omaka, valley: royal caravan. 
*Oma/eo, a kind of ironwood 

tree. 
*Omalanga, oryx. 
^Omaluku, robber. 

Omama, parting of the hair in 
middle. 

Omamasa, haste. 

Omambu, barrel of rum. 

Omamoha, scapegrace. 

Omana, tongs. 

Omanakata, rebellion. 
*Omandu, clap, plu. clapping. 

Omanga, yew. 

Omange, female. 

Omango, crutch. 
*Omangu, bench ; throne ; 
load dck. 

Omanjuela, jinglers; string of 
bells. 

Omanya, wrath ; fierceness. 



Omanuna, woodpecker. 
*Omasi, oil, grease. 

Omata, mole (on skin) : doubt. 
*Omateya, tile. 
*Ombala, capital. 

0?nbalu, brave man. 

Ombaluku, a kind of boat. 

Ombamba,mo\e (animal). 
*Ombambi, African fever ; 

small deer; cold. 
*Ombambo, nail. 

Ombanda, half. 

Ombande, scab. 

Ombandu, toothache. 

Ombcwidula, grass mat. 
*Ombandwa, hide. 

Ombangambanga, a suspicious 
person or thing. 
*Ombangi, witness. 

Ombangwi, incessant talker; a 
bore. 
^Ombcmja, cord. 
*Ombanjele, small gift. 
* Om banjo, price which the agent 

is allowed to give or take. 
*Ombela, rain. .. 
*Ombelela, meat, or any food 
eaten with mush for relish. 

Ombembwa, peace. 

Ombenda, " in the way," ob- 
stacle. Hasi ombenda, I am 
in the way. 

Ombende, half macuta. 
*Ombenga, sediment. 
^Ombenje, gourd. 

Ombetetela, executor. 
*Ombia, pot. 

*Ombilami, one and one half 
yard piece of cloth. 

Ombila, grave. 
*Ombile, rapidity, dispatch. 
*Ombilo, occupation. 

Ombinda, snout. 
*Ombinga, horn ; tusk. 



58 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



*Ombinij white cotton cloth, 

algodao. 
*Ombinji, wolf. 

Ombipo, bad sign ; ill omen. 
*0?nbzsi, fish. 

Omboka, v. a., loiter, go slow. 
*Ombo/e, bullet, ball. 
*Ombolela, manure ; compost. 
*Ombofo, bread. 

Ot?ibondo, bark rope. 

07nbouge, fort. 

Ombongongo, occipital protu- 
berance of pig. 
*Ombonya, image, idol. 
*Ombotao, button. 
*0?nbotesa, snuff-box. 

Omboyo, excellent; fine. 
*Ombu, mouthful. 

Ombule, a fugitive. 

Ombuli, notch (in end of 
arrow). 
*Ombulo> fox. 
*Ombulungit, poison test. 
* Ombumbu, boil. 
* Ombumbumba^ musical bow. 

Ombunda, loins. 
*Ombnndi, gate. 
*OmbnndiL, fog ; cloudiness. 
*Ombunje, ball, sphere. 
*Ombitnji, white ant. 

Ombwiju, sediment. 
*Ombuta, a kind of snake. 
*Ombnti, underbrush. 
*Omlmtika, jug. 
*Omlmto, seed. 

Ombiitiilume, mold. 

Ombutiilwa, a betrothed 
woman. 
*Ombwa, dog. 
*Ombwali, prince. 
*0??ibwelu, lowland. 

ICombwelu, adv., below. 
*Ombweti, cane, walking-stick. 

07?ibwiya, midwife. 
*Ome/ce, blind man. 



*0me?7iba, powder blown from 
palm in incantations ; white 
powder for marking forehead 
of person acquitted by poison 
test. 
07nembia > small, reddish- 
brown mushroom. 
*Omeme, sheep. 
*Ome7ia, lip, mouth. 
*Omene, morning. 
Omepe, hunger. 
Omepelela> hunger ; windi- 
ness ; windy season. 
*Omesa, table. 
Omese, orphan ; crowbar. 
Omesei, squanderer. 
Omesene^ teacher ; artisan. 
O77ieyeko, tooth notch. 
Omi % slave-yoke ; forked stick 
fastened to slave's neck in 
connecting a gang. 
*Omiapia, swallow (bird). 
Omiapiulu, burnt field. 
Omindi, fetish ; conjuration. 
Omindu, fetish ; conjuration. 
Omihana, a kind of fruit. 
Ominanjo, younger sister who 
marries brother-in-law after 
death of first wife. 
*Omo, this; yes. 

O77iokoli, great great grandson. 
*Omoku, knife. 
077ioma, boa-constrictor. 
Omoi7ibo, late corn or beans. 
*Ofno7ta> child. 
* 0?no7tam ani, freeman. 
Ofnondolola, meal made from 
corn soaked and pounded on 
same day. 
*077iongwa, salt. 
0?7iopa, a grass whose root is 

used in making baskets. 
O771 opi, reviler. 

OifiopOs a weed ; itch medicine. 
*Omufu7iu, trader. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



59 



*Omukanda, letter. 
*0muku, rat. 
*Oinnma^ liver. 
*Omunda, mountain. 
Omundi, field (long cultivated). 
Omitndu, hogshead. 
* '0??zunga, ambassador, messen- 
ger, representative. 
*Omunu, person. 
*0?nunya, spring-bok. 
*Omicpa> waterfall, rapids. 
Omupwi, a kind of bird. 
*Omusambe, sweet potato. 
*Omutu, squash. 
Omwambo, copper Maltese 
cross. 
*Omwenge, sugar-cane. 
*Omwenyo, breath ; life. 
*Omwi\ a tree that bears hard- 
shelled fruit, orange-like in 
appearance. 
*Omwina, ringer. 
Omzviftwi, kind of bird that 
builds in ant-hills. 
*0?za, louse. 
*Ona, v. a., snore. 

Onala, beehive tree. 
*Ona/i, half of beehive ; under 
the bed. 

Onamba, horn ornament for 
hair. 
*Onambi, corpse. 
Oiianibwci) flea. 

Onanda, an inefficient, good- 
for-nothing fellow; a hypo- 
crite (?). 
*0?zandu, yard (three feet). 
*Onanga, cloth. 

Onani, calf. 
*Onanu, upland. 

K'onanu, above. 
*Onanya, dinner. 
*Onata, mud. 
Onate, a neat person. 
Onatoma. a doubter. 



Onda, v. a., to pay price of co- 
habitation. 
*Ondaka, word. 

Ondala, flying snake. 
*Onda/u, fire. 

Ondamba, ravine. 

Ondai?ibi y a good man or wo- 
man. 

Ondambo, girded clothes. 
*Ondando, purchase, selling, 

buying. 
*Ondatembo, father-in-law, 
mother-, son-, daughter-in- 
law. 
*Ondavi, spy. 
*Onde, hive. 

Ondeka, v. a., to embrace. 
*Ondeke, diaphragm. 
*Ondeli, evil spirit. 

Oudemba, rooster. 

On d em be, sap. 
*Ondenda, kind of large mush- 
room. 

Ondendi, palm-oil. 

Ondeo, kind of tree. 

Ondepwe, kind of fish. 

Ondiandia, kind of dance. 
*Ondiavite, ax. 
*Ondimba, rabbit. 
*Ondindimo, thunder. 
*Ondingavive, evil doer. 

Ondingitftange, workman. 

Ondio, right (hand). 

Oudolo, part of ransom brought 
by receiver to the judge ; a 
scream of triumph. 
*Ondombe, cat-fish. 
*Ondombo, rainy-season. 

Ondombwa, bride. 

Ondondo, litter of pigs; strong 
cotton cloth. 

Ondonga, kind of bird. 

Ondonge, scholar. 

Oiidongo, kind of tree. 
*Ondnko, name. 



6o 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Onduli, giraffe. 
*Ondulili, roof of corn-crib. 
^Onduhi) gall. 

Ondumba, a bore. 

Ondumbukai, miscreant, 
wretch. 
*Ondnnda, pile, heap. 
*Ondunga, yolk. 

Ondungo, meal made of 
parched corn and gourd 
seeds. 

Oneka, great grandson. 
*Oneketela, flying dust. 

Onekulu, grandson. 

Onela, ring. 

Oneli, half. 
*Onende, pigeon; blind eye. 
*Oneneko, flower. 
^Onene^ side. 

Onengo, ankle sprain. 
^Onengu, hulled beans. 
*Onenu, partridge. 

Onete^ breast bone. 

Oneti, mole (animal). 

Oneva, spleen. 
*Onevo, adze. 

* Ongalafa, bottle. 
*Ongalo, sieve. 

* ' Ongamba^ carrier. 
Ongambu, death-blow ; mortal 

wound. 

Ongamena, cake of wax. 
Onganda, zigzag ; diagonally ; 
fee. 

0?tgandala, basket (packed 
and covered). 
*Ongandi, Mr. So and So. 
*Ongandu, alligator. 
*Onganga, wizard. 
Ongangala, cruel person. 
Ongangu, meddlesomeness ; 
taking and trying on the 
things of another. 
*Onga7zJa, small gourd. 
*Onganji, advocate ; pleader. 



*Ongaso, rations. 
*On^aUt y cat. 

*Ongau, breakfast ; morning 
drink. 

Ongavi) giver. 
*Ongayawa, guava-tree. 
*Ongaye, acacia, a locust-like 

tree. 
*Ongayeta, accordion. 
^Ongekci) v. a., to put together. 
*Ongelenge, buffalo. 
*Ongeleya, memorial pile or en- 
closure. 

Ongeli, damager, destroyer. 

Ongendoteke, night-walker. 

Ongenge, thickness; back of 
blade. 
*Ongenjo, small bell. 
*Ongeva, homesickness. 

Ongeya, anus ; large intestine. 

Ongeyiy beggar. 

Ongilima, club. 

Onginge, thickness. 
*0?tgisi, sharpened stick ; crow- 
bar. 
*Ongiti, walking stick, cane. 

Ongole, crime. 
^Ongoleta, keg. 
*Ongolo, knee; zebra. 

Ongolo/a, v. a., to collect ; cut 

meat in large slices. 

Ongololo, a kind of bird. 
*Ongolosi, evening. 

Ongomba, music teacher. 
*Ongombe, ox. 

Ongombo, circle around moon ; 

circle (perhaps) council. 

Ongonga/a, fussiness ; sleep 

in limb. 

Ongongi, orphan ; one with- 
out relatives. 
*Or>gongo, dry land ; Adam's 

apple. 
*Ongongo, adj., one, each. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



61 



Eteke liongongo, onandu, each 
day, a yard. 
Ongongola, centipede. 
Ongongolokota, convalescent. 
Ongolovia, supper. 
Ongonjo, bark plate. 
07tgoti, stub. 
*Ongoya, a lowlander ; one be- 
longing to one of coast tribes 
west of the Ovimbundu. 
Onguldy brass (or copper). 
Ongulamata, a kind of musical 
instrument. 
*Onguli, hyena. 
*Ongulu, pig. 
Ongiduvi, wild pig. 
Ongumbuy brush fence. 
Ongunda, a dug field, a new 
field. 

Ongundi, butter : stomach 
ache. 

OngundOy medicine. 
Ongunga, large bell. 
Ongunge, dropsy. 
Ongtcngu, maggot ; collector 

(of debts). 
Ongicni, a kind of ant. 
*Ongunja, laborer. 
*Ongtmjij post (of shed) ; leg 

(of table). 
*Onguso, strength. 

Ongnto, spoon. 
*Onguya, needle. 
*Onguyu, rust. 
*0ngwa/i, wild hen. 
Ongwe, ounce (animal); circum- 

ciser (word from south). 
Ongweli, fear. 

Ongwepaipa, a kind of grass- 
hopper. 
Onikila, haste. 
^Onima^ pay. 
Oningoso, merchandise. 
Onine, dung. 
*Oniti } firefly. 



*Onjake, brawler, quarreller. 
*Onjala, hunger. 
^Onjali, a lying-in woman. 

Onjalo y slat of bedstead. 

Onjalu, guide ; leader. 

Onjama, ostrich. 
*Onjamba % elephant; name of 
a dance. 

Onjambo, shroud ; well, water- 
hole. 

Onjambolo, young grass. 

Onjanda, a knock-kneed per- 
son. 

Onjandi, sweet potato. 

Onjandu, a leaning snag. 

Onjanga, battle; haste. 

Onjangala, early crop. 
*Onjango, sitting-room. 
^Onjaitja, time (once, twice, 

thrice, etc.) 
^OnjanjUy block ; artery or 
vein. 

Onjavo, wide-mouthed weasel. 

Onjaya, accusation. 

Onjayi, hunter. 
*Onjeke, bag. 

Onjelembe, moss. 

Onjelia, spear. 
*Onjeti, squirt-gun, syringe. 
*Onjevo^ hunt. 
*Onjila, bird ; road. 
*On/tie t dizziness. 

Onjili, a kind of animal. 

Onjimba, singer ; owl. 

Onjimbo, ant-eater. 

Onjindiy cow. 

Onjivdy forgetfulness ; ford. 

Onjiwe, acquaintance. 
*OnJo, house. 
*Onjoi, dream. 

Onjolela, gladness ; rejoicing. 

Onjolombia, crock. 
*Onjoluka, " bee." 

Onjoma, mashed squash seed 
(used as food). 



62 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Onjomba, a kind of dance. 

Onjombia, young grass. 

Onjongo, price. 

Onjongola, wish, desire. 

Onjola, swimming. 
*Oujovo, young tender leaves. 

Onfu, gnat. 

Onjuela, a wrangle. 

Onjui, a small animal. 
*Orijule, shower, rain. 

Onjumbi^ greed for meat. 

Onjumbu, woman's clout. 

0?ijunda, laborer ; servant. 

Oujundi, young grass. 
*Onjundo y sledge hammer. 

Onjimge, kind of tree. 
*OnjzingU) European. 

Onjunjii) zuarte, blue cotton 
cloth. 

Onjunjuvia, coward. 
*Ono, spring. 

Onoha, characteristic. 

Onoi, brave person. 

Onoko, a large water-rat. 
*Onolote, blue cotton cloth. 

Onombo, a stout kind of grass. 
*Onometu, thing (referring to 

names and affairs). 
*Onondovitwii pillow. 

Onoli, grass mat. 
*Onongolci) barrow (swine). 

Onono, a small squirrel. 
*Onoho, a wise man, a sage. 

Onoto/o, stubble. 

Onu, craving, appetite. 

Onuima, small wild ox of the 
Ganguellas. 

Onuka, reviler. 
^Onukii) fist. 
*Omt/o, chest. 

Omtmba, ball. 
*Onumbi, ignorance. 
*Onumbu t a beauty. 

Omindu, kind of tree. 

Onungo i kind of shrub. 



*Onusi t a large antelope • a 

sniveller. 
*Omiiu, ramrod. 

Onutula, underbrush. 
*Onuviko, cover, lid. 

Onya, envy. 

Onyange> name of bird. 

Onyani, small wild ox (of 
Ganguellas). 

Onyanya, frown. 
*Onyanyu, rapidity, haste. 

Onyenga, mold. 
*Onyeno, passion, anger. 
^Onyima, back. 
*Onyimi, blanket. 
*Onyoha, snake. 

Ojiyohasi, eel. 
*Oiiyoho, (your) mother. 

Oname, adherent ; supporter. 
*Onana, baby. 
*0m, appetite. 
*Onoma t large drum. 

Onono, hump-back; backache. 

Opaikumma, grimace. 

Opali, fearless person. 
*Opao, cake of wax. 
*Opatalonya, pouch ; satchel. 
*Opato, duck. 

Opena, pen. 

Opendi, calf of leg. 

OpendO) comb. 
*Opese, pipe. 

Opeto, pillow. 

Opileko, screw. 

Opiln, peacock. 
*0p07nba, dove. 
*Oputu, Portugal. 
*Osat, moon ; month. 
*Osaimho, sweat. 

Osala, feather head-dress. 

Osali, boisterous pretender. 

O sambo, corral. 
*Osamwa, outside. 

Osanda, kick. 
*Osande, spirit. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



63 



Osangateli, nonsense. 
*Osanje i fowl. 
*Osanyu, frying-pan. 
*Osapato % shoe. 
*Osapz, key. 

Osasambia, a plum-like fruit. 

Oseke, a small, reddish-brown 
mushroom. 
*Osela, wax. 

Oselenge, buck. 
*Osema, meal. 

Osenje, grease. 
*Oseteko, measure. 

Osezi, pay, wages. 

Osevo, price. 
*Osi, ground. 
*Osiahulu, ancient times, long 

ago. 
*Osiata, interference, meddle- 
someness. 

Oszelezze, small, reddish mush- 
room. 
^Osikote, whip. - 

Oszla, corn crib. 
*Osilo, private room ; side (of 

room). 
*Osima, monkey ; wild 
honey (?). 

Oszmbwembwe, mole (on 
body). 
*0 singe, hut. 
*Osingo, gullet. 

Osingwanya, wart. 

Osiopa, grater. 

Osipata, sword. 

Oszpi, wire. 

Oszsimo, fine grits. 
*Oszsu, barren. 
*Ositu, meat. 
*Osoka, rafter; a kind of grass. 

Osokoloke, one who makes fun 
of another. 
*Osoma, chieftain, king. 
*Osonde, blood. 
e, chip. 



*Osongo, thorn; private enclo- 
sure, compound. 
*Osongwi, guide, leader. 
*Osuke, pauper, needy person. 
*Osukini, sugar. 
*Osungo, favor. 
*Osungzi, small end. 
*Oswz, a kind of tree. 

Otandzi, table. 

Otembo, generosity. 
*Otulo> drowsiness ; sleepiness. 
*Otzilwa, pus. 
*Otzima, clay. 
*Otusola, scissors. 

Otztve, indisposition. 

Ovaka, wrinkles (of skin). 

Ovaleta, ramrod. 

Ovalete, green. 

Ovaluma, auger. 

Ovanya, wrinkles. 
* Ovate, spittle. 
*Ovava, water. 
*Ove, pers. pro., thou. 
*Ovikanjo, suburbs ; outlying 

villages. 
*Ovikwata, goods. 
*Ovilonga, mucano. 
*Ovilwa, whistling. 
*Ovindangele, vinegar. 
*Ovinene, sweepings; rubbish. 
^Ovingundu, mead. 

Ovinyanyo, bits, shreds. 
*Oviongo, loins. 
*Ovzpako, goods, merchandise. 
*Ovisokopia, eyelashes. 
*Ovita, war, 

Ovitwinina % mucous of nose. 

Ovitukululu, sunken eyes. 

Ovitztto, bribe. 
*Ovo, pers. pro., they. 
*Ovonda, work, labor. 
*Owa, mushroom. 
*Owambembe, vibratory reflex 

heat of earth. 
*Owanda, tipoia. 



6 4 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



^Owanga, charm (fetish). 

Owanjci) semen. 

Owauji, orator. 
*Ozvato % boat. 
* Owelema, darkness. 

Owenji, goods. 
*Owesi, laziness. 
*Oweso, rawness. 
*Owi, moonshine. 
^Owiki, honey. 

Owima, bad omen ; tireless. 



*Owmt, people. 
*Owisi, smoke. 

Owiva, forgetfulness. 
*Owombo, ferryman's fee, toll. 
*Owongu, grass. 

Owojijo, rat-snake. 
*Owono, brain. 

Owova, foolishness. 
*Owule, soot ; venom. 
*Owusa, rest. 
*Owuya, heat. 



Paikununa, v. a., mediate ; 

make peace. 
Pakatdy v. a., carry under the 

arm. 
Pakoka, v. s., be sleepless. 
*Pakula, v. a., wink ; arrest, 
make prisoner. 
Pala, v. a., grind. 
Paleka, v. a., wear. 
*Palo, adv., here. 

Palukuta, v. a., covet. 
*Pama, v. s., be stout, thick. 
Pamba, v. a., squirt water from 

mouth. 
Pamuna, v. a., give still-birth. 
*Paua, adj., distant. 

Panamaiia % v. a., strut. 
*Panaiia i v. a., fly. 
*Pauda, v. a., go to ; husk ; 

please (?). 
*Pandeka, v. a., tie, fasten. 
Pandekwa, v. s., be prisoner. 
Pandikisa, v. a., make false 
start at ; connect words; re- 
cover one's self. 
*Pandula y v. a., clap : thank. 
Pandulula, v. a., release. 
Panga, v. a., struggle. 
Paugela, v. a., shackle ; chain. 
*Paugula, v. a., come off helve. 
Panguluka, v. s., be quick, 
agile. 



Panji, v. a., begin work early. 

Panya, v. a., "gather " a cloth. 

Panena, v. a., intend, purpose. 
*Paniuya, v. a., tell, communi- 
cate. 

jRs/tf, v. a., flap. 
*Papala, v. a., play. 
*Papata, v. a., grope. 

Papula, v. a., beat. 
*Pasa, v. a., hew. 
*Pasuka y v. a., awake. 
*Pasula f v. a., visit (in morn). 
*Pataua, v. a., doubt. 
*Pateka y v. a., put up, hang up. 
*Patekela, v. a., remember. 
* Patella^ v. a., club (an animal). 

Patiilula, v. a., withdraw of- 
fering because the Ekisi has 
failed to bless. 

Patnma, v. a., strike. 

Patusuka* v. a., fall. 

r, j > v. a., hunt up and 
Paviila, ) ' r 

buy. 

*Paytila, v. a., beckon. 

/V&z, v. a., slit (grass, reeds, 
etc.) 
*Pe/eela, v. a., sleep. 

Peketa, v. s., be drowsy. 

iW#, v. a., pare, peel. 

Pelnka, v. s., be cloudless. 
*Pemba, v. a., blow the nose. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



65 



*Pemtma> v. a., trim the hair, 
shave. 
Pendeya, v. s., be strong, great. 
Pendtisula, v. a., search, look 
under. 
*Penga, v. a., bend. 
Pengeleka.) v. a., leave ajar. 
Peugulula, v. a., straighten. 
*Pepd, v. s., be savory, tasty, 

nice. 
*Pepela, v. a., blow out (as 

chaff). 
*Pepelela, v. a., blow, as fire. 

Pepula, v. a., discharge. 
^Pesalisa,) v. a., weigh. 
*Pese/a, v. a., turn over, drop. 
*Petama, v. a., bow, stoop. 
Petia, v. a., desire. 
Petula, v. a., set (as trap). 
Peya, v. a., urge, tease, impor- 
tune. 
^Peyekci) v. a., notch the teeth. 
*Pt, interrog., where. 
*Pia, v. s., be burnt ; be done. 
*Piana, v. a., surpass, excell. 
*Pika, v. a., stir mush. 
/Y/<2, v. a., wander back and 

forth. 
Pilika, v. a., importune, de- 
mand, compel. 
PUila, v. a., obtain. 
*Pzlzsa, v. a., advertise for. 
*Piluka,) v. a., dance. 
*Pilula, v. a., turn (in frying) ; 
consult (spirits) ; try (a case). 
* Pimbilika, v. a., cross sticks. 
*Pindikci) v. a., slander, lie 

about one's words. 
*Pindikisa, v. a., cross feet or 

hands. 
*Pindula, v. a., arouse, awaken; 

replace loss. 
*Pinga, v. a., ask, beg. 
Pina/isa, v. a., replace. 



*Pinana, v. a., inherit. 

Pipilika, v. a., dissemble. 
*Pita, v. a., go. 
*Pitahana y v. a., pass by. 
*Pittla, v. a., arrive. 
*Pitu/a, v. a., call for, stop for. 
*Poka, v. a., entertain, give 
food. 

Pokola, v. a., be willing ; obey. 

(?) 

Pokota, v. a., thrash. 
*Po/a, v. s., be cool. 
*PolokosOi adj., empty. 
Ponda, v. a., catch, overtake 

(as dog a deer). 
*Pondola, v. s., be able. 
Pongiya, v. a., pick out and 
reserve best for self. 
*Ponya y v. a., flash in the pan. 
*Popela, v. a., speak in behalf 

of; rescue. 
*Popia, v. a., speak ; insult. (?) 
*Popolola, v. a., go straight 

ahead. 
^Posoka, v. §., be well dressed. 
*Pota y v. a., spin. 
Potolold, v. a., finish (a bargain, 

a suit, etc.) 
Poyola, v. a., thrust. 
*Pukd, v. a., shake (head). 
*Pukuld, v. a., meditate evil ; 
devise mischief. 
Pukuka t v. a., look back. 
*Puld> v. a., drive off. 
*Puliliyd, v. a., discover stolen 
goods by questioning chil- 
dren or strangers. 
*Puhikd, v. a., escape. 
*Pululi, adj., open, ajar. 
Pumd7tdkditd, adj., round- 
ended blade, 
*Punda f v. a., plunder, rob. 
*Punditkd, v. a., stumble. 
Pundula, v. a., misplace dress. 



66 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Pundtduka, v. a., avoid 
trouble. 
*Pungula, v. a., assort; sepa- 
rate. 
Punja, v. a., skin, slice (meat). 
Puninya, v. a., hire. 
Punya, v. s., be ravenous. 
Pupa, v. a., flutter. 
Pttpula, v. a., kneel and pick 

up. 
Puputa, v. a., grope. 
*Pusa, v. a., wash the face. 
*Pusula, v. a., peel off, tear off. 
Pusuluka, v. a., escape from 

grasp (as bird, deer). 
Puta,.x. a., shave. 
*Putika, v. a., braid. 
Putula,) v. a., seize. 



Putuliila, v. a., run fast. 
Puyila, v. a., pull up sleeve. 
*Puyuka 9 v. a., rest. 
*Pwa. v. s., be gone, exhausted, 

finished. 
*Pwai, conj., but ; indeed ; on 

the other hand. 
*Pwamzce, conj., or. 
*Pweketa, adj., hard, tough. 
*Pwe?iya, v. a., wipe. 
Pweya, v. a., draw in the 
cheek. 
Pwinya, v. a., wipe. 
Pwisa, v. a., confound ; bring 

to an end. 
Pwiya, v. a., try to do a thing 
without understanding how. 



S. 



*Saika, v. a., hedge, cover (with 

boughs). 
*Saimihcii v. a., sweat. 
*Saka, v. a., shake, rinse a bot- 
tle. 
Sakalala, v. a., interrupt. 
Sakeka, v. a., strike. 
Sakelci) v. a., feast. 
*Sakula, v. a., doctor. 
*Salala, v. a., be rich. 
Salomoha, v. a., fall a good 
distance. 
*Sahcka, v. s., be surprised, 
astonished. 
Salwisa, v. a., threaten. 
*Samba, v. a., clap, applaud ; 

behead. 
*Sambiliya, v. a., swear alle- 
giance ; do homage. 
Sambukila, go from one road, 

village, or hill to another. 
Sambwisa, v. a., stroke the 
beard ; put arm about neck ; 
infect. 



*Saviena, v. a., sprinkle. 

Samona, v. a., comb. 
*Sauda, v. a., seek. 
*Sandola, v. a., scatter. 
^Sanduka, v. a., squander. 
*Sauga, v. a., overtake ; meet ; 
find. 

Sangata, v. a., strike breast 
and clap. 

Sangatelciy v. s., be earnest. 
*Sanja, v. a., vomit. 
*Sa7iya, v. a., pull wool ; pick 

to pieces; adj., hot. 
*Sanyanya, v. a., smart. 
*Sapa, v. a., eat greedily. 

Sapitiya, v. a., relate. 
*Sapu!a, v. a., relate. 
*6a.rtf, v. a., cut up meat. 

Sasala, v. a., encamp long. 

Sasambiya, v. s., be pretty. 

Sasana, v. a., jingle, rattle. 
*Sasela, v. a., retail. 

Sasuiia, v. a., talk much. 
*Savdy v. s., be unsavory. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



67 



Savayala, v. a., begin to squat 
in one place, and then go to 
another. 
Sea, v. a., adjust, agree upon. 
*Seka t v. a., pulverize, grind. 
Sekuka, v. s., be poor, indigent. 
Sekula, v. a., shake together. 
^Selena, adj., slippery. 
Seluka, v. s., be stupid. 
Sembika, v. a., pay fine for 

killing person by witchcraft. 
Sembikila, v. a., pay for life of 
a person. 
*Semiha, v. a., cup, bleed by 

cupping. 
*Semuna, v. a., speak incor- 
rectly ; mispronounce. 
^Semunuha, v. a., speak cor- 
rectly. 
Semununa, v. a., admire. 
*Senda, v. a., dig. 
Sendulula, v. a., transfer. 
Ekumbi liasenduluka, sun has 
passed meridian. 
*Senga, v. a., strike (of clock) ; 
thunder (distant) ; stir beer 
(by shaking gourd) ; drive 
(cattle, etc.) 
Senguluka, y. a., vanish. 
Sengutula, v. a., trot. 
Senyisa t w, a., torment; plague. 
Senyula, v. a., slope. 
Sepuka, v. a., act foolishly. 
*Sesama, v. s., " become," befit. 
*Seteka t v. a., measure. 
*Setahana, v. a., imitate. 
*Setukula, v. a., mimic. 
*Seva, v. a., cook ; circumcise. 
Sewula, v. a., joke. 
-5>y<z, v. a., move, transfer. 
*SY, adj., all. 
*Si, yes. 

*6V<2, v. a., spit ; leave. 
*Siakana, v. a., kindle. 
*Siakata, v. a., divine. 



*Siala, v. a., remain. 

Siapa, v. a., leave a part. 
*Sicketa, v. a., rub. 
*Sika, v. a., play (musical in- 
struments, drum, etc.) 
*Sikama, v. a., visit (in even- 
ing)- 
*Sikila, v. a., lodge. 
Sikina, v. a., lodge. 
*Sikinina, v. a., cover. 
*Sila, v. a., fine ; charge (fee) ; 
dicker ; promise. 
Silula, v. a., speak contemptu- 
ously. 
*Szmba, v. a., clear land (for 

field). 
*Simbaluka, v. a., hasten. 
*Simbula, v. a., season. 
Si?nuna, v. a., refuse (to an- 
swer when called). 
*Sina, v. s., be dirty ; v. a., re- 
fuse, disobey. 
Sinda, v. a. advance. 
Sindika, v. a., lead, conduct. 
*Sindikila, v. a., accompany. 
*Singa, v. a., sprinkle salt ; sea- 
son. 
*Singila, v. s., be possessed 
with a spirit. 
Simimuna, v. a., reflect. 
*Sinyuna> v. a., sniff. 

Sinana, v. a., bewitch. 
**Sz0 (a neg. reply), nothing. 
Siopa, v. a., smack (with dis- 
gust). 
Siopoka, v. a., bulge. 
*Sz'pa, v. a., smoke. 
Sipata, v. a., pinch. 
Sipilila, v. a., slight. 
*Sipula, v. a., sip. 
*Sisa, v. a., sift. 

*Sitika, v. a., stop up, plug up. 
*Sitikila, v. a., close up. 
Situla, v. a., extract cork (from 
within bottle). 



68 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



Siiiha,, v. s., be straight. 
*Siva, v. s., be crisp, stiff. 
*Sivaya, v. a., praise, speak well 
of. 
Sivikiya, v. a., instigate. 
Szvila, v. s., be rich. 
*So, (your) father. 
*So/iai, aunt. 

*So£a, v. a., think ; put up raf- 
ters ; v. s., be equal. 
Sokana, v. a., marry. 
Sokeka, v. a., rearrange (the 
fire). 
%Sokoka, v. a., come off the 
helve. 
Sokolasoko, said when judge 
declares suit ended. Liter- 
lally, equal and equal =it is 
balanced. 
^Sokolola, v. a., recall, recollect. 
Sokwildf v. a., husk standing 
corn. 
*Sola, v. a., love. 

Solaka,) v. s., be tired. 
*Sole/ca, v. a., keep, preserve. 

Somda, v. a., pay a fine. 
*Soi?ibisa, v. a., feign to give 

and then withdraw. 
*Sombokci) v. a., vault, jump 
over. 
Sombola, v. a., snatch. 
Sondoloka, v. a., make room. 
*So7ido/o/a, v. a., move (transi- 
tive). 
*Soneha, v. a., write. 
*Songa, v. a., whittle, pare. 

Songelci) v. a., helve. 
*Sougola, v. a., guide. 
*Sonjola> v. a., hoe, scrape with 
hoe. 
So/iya, v. a., express astonish- 
ment by clicking sound of 
tongue. 
Soui?iya, v. a., revile and 
drive off. 



^Sopeka, v. a., transplant. 
Sofioka, v. a., run out (as wa- 
ter), leak. 
*SopoIa, v. a., crush, hash. 
*Sosa, adj., sweet. 
Sosahanya> v. a., investigate. 
Sosomona, v. a., knock coals 
from brand. 
*Sova, v. a., castrate. 
*Sove, adj., castrated. 
iSVy/tf, v. s., be tired out. 
Soy oka, v. a., break (thread). 
Soyolct) v. a., tear. 
*Swa, v. a., dip out ; fit. 
*Sitka, v. a., need, want. 
Sukamena,) v. a., get hung in 

fence. 
Szckatela, v. s., be narrow. 
Sukatula, v. s., be greedy for 
meat. 
*Suktt, God. 

Sukula,) v. a., wash. 
*Sukumuna, v. a., empty, pour 

out. 
% Sula, v. a., tamp, pound. 
*Suli, adj., less, insufficient. 
*Suluhana, v. a., exchange ; 
alternate. 
Su7iiasui?ia y v. a., hesitate. 
*Stimba, v. a,, fear ; reverence ; 
buy. 

Sumbekdy v. a., lose the way. 
Siwibisa, v. a., buy. 
Sumnha, v. a., slip down, slip 

off. 
Stwiumiha, v. s., be successful, 
popular, fortunate, blessed. 
Sumwa, v. s., be unhappy. 
Situa, v. a., sit with face 

clasped in hands. 
Sitnga, v. a., bewitch; blow 
fire. 
*Su7iguluka t v. s., be skillful ; 
do things well. 
Sungwa, v. a., own, possess. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



6 9 



*Snngwela, v. a., neighbor ; 
border on. 

*Sunama, v. s., be straight. 

*Sunina, v. a., nod. 

*Suninya, v. a., visit (at even- 
ing). 

*Supila % v. a., hoe, hill corn. 

*Susa, v. a., urinate. 



^Suvuka, v. a., dislike. 
*Suya, v. a., scratch. 

Swaka, v. a., shoe ; slip on 
shoe. 

Swakela, v. a., tamp. 

Swangela> v. a., fail to get. 

Sweyula, v. a., joke. 

Swika, v. a., put into mouth. 



7«, v. a., take game alive. 
*Tahana, v. a., press. 
*72« f adj., standing still. 
*Taima, v. a., shine (of fire). 
*Taka, v. a., die. 
*Takata, v. a., pass away ; evap- 
orate. 
*Takina, v. a., chew. 
*Taknla, v. a., lacerate. 
*Tala,v. a., look, observe. 
*Talama, v. a., stop. 
*Ta/amena, v. a., await. 
Talula, v. a., pass time pleas- 
antly. 

Tama, v. a., mix. 
Tambela, v. a., brag. 
*Tambula t v. a., take, receive. 
Tameka, v. a., begrudge ("dog 
in the manger "). 
Tamina, v. a., bewail. 
*Tamwa, v. a., break down; 

give out. 
*Tana, v. a., talk much; dis- 
cuss ; try a case ; tie olomba- 
la. 

Tanda, v. a., deploy; form 
line of hunt. 

Tanda, morning star ; evening 
star. 
*Tandaluka, v. a., withdraw 
foot. 

Tandavela, v. a., stretch forth 
(hand or foot). 

Tandela, morning star ; even- 
ing star. 



*Tandula, v. a., tear, cut in 

middle. 
*Taneha, v. a., aim. 
*Ta?iga, v. a., read. 

Tangalala> v. s., be wicked. 
*Tangaleka> v. s., be tangled ; 

be bad. 

Tangula, v. a., give as a gift. 
*Tami, num. adj., five. 

Tanya, v. a., kick. 
*Tapa, v. a., fetch water. 
*Tapika, adj., level. 
*Tapula, v. a., paddle. 

7#ta, v. s., be in a bad fix. 
*Tatama, v. a., blunder. 

Tateka, v. a., delay, proscrasti- 

nate. 

Tatena, v. a., do badly (un- 
wisely). 
*Tate (my), father; uncle. 

Tatoka, v. s., be poor. 
*Tatu, num. adj., three. 
*Tatula, v. a., flap, beat. 
*Tatuma y v. a., stutter. 
*Tava, v. a., accept, believe. 
*Taviya, v. a., take up the 

chorus. 
*Taya, v. a., write. 
*7>, conj., till ; unto; as far as. 

7M#, v. a., jump across. 
*Teka, v. a., break. 
*Tekaina, adj., dark, black. 

Tekola (ovaka), v. a., gesture. 
*Tekula, v. a., feed. 
*Tela, v. a., smith, forge. 



7o 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



*Teleha y v. a., blossom. 
*Teleka,v. a., cook (by boiling). 
Telekala, v. a., send, forward. 
Telela, v. a., float, fly. 
Tern bill a, v. a., refuse. 
Temuna, v. a., spread open. 
*Tenda, v. a., count, shuck. 
Tenda olohango, converse. 
*Tendeka, v. a., crack. 
Tendela, v. a., ripen early. 
Tendula, v. a., beat. 
*Teiiga, v. a., mix. 
Tengiisulci) v. a., pick open 
for examination (as ear of 
corn). 

Tenuna,) v. a., spread (toes). 
Tenena, v. a., limp; v.' s., be 
lame. 
*Tepa, v. a., break, separate, 

divide. 
*Tepulula, v. a., dip out; sub- 
tract. 

7>J0, v. a., forge. 
*7V/a, v. a., cut. 
7>fo onganddi cut diagonally, 
7>/# ongamba, cut squarely. 
*Tetekela, v. a., go ahead, pre- 
cede. 

Tetena, v. a., lay by food after 
meal. 
*Tetula, v. a., split, get broken 
(of board). 

TetuhUa, v. a., cut off. 
7>y<2, v. a., crowd, jostle, hus- 
tle, break. 

Teyela, v. a., turn out (of 
road), pay only part of fine. 
*7V, v. a., say. 
*Tiakumuna, v. a., wriggle 

shoulders in dance. 
*Tia?iyona t v. a., unscrew. 
*Tt'ana, v. a., fetch firewood. 
Tiatiala, v. a., stagger. 
Tieka> v. a., fan; drive off 
flies. 



^Tiena, v. a., wring, twist, bore. 

Tifuka, v. a., rear. 

77&Z, v. a., gouge, screw. 

Tikanyala, v. a., flutter. 
*Tikitiya, v. a., bore, pierce 
(with spit). 

Tikoka, v. a., lean backwards. 
*Tiku!a, v. a., shoulder. 

Tikulula, v. a., hurry, hasten. 
*Tz7a, v. a., flee. 
*Tima, v. a., despise., 
* Timbukilci) v. a., be insuffi- 
cient. 

* Timbula, v. a., chop, break off 

(mush, bread, etc.) 

Timbuluka, v. a., lust. 
*Ti??iiha, v. a., burn. 
*Tma, v. s., be hard, costly. 

Tinda, v. s., be thick, stout. 

Tindila, v. s., be underdone. 
*Tingokci) v. a., rock, see-saw. 

Tingoloka, v. a., flounder. 

Tingzdtda, v. a., turn around. 

7zVuz, v. a., root (of pigs). 
^Tipulciy v. a., beat, club. 

Titoviya, v. a., make noise of 
sucking. 
*Titu, adj., little. 
*Tiula, v. a., return. 

Tiuwiya, v. a., send back. 

7Yz/0, v. a., pound corn. 

Tivika, v. a., turn over. 

Tociwe, v. a., belch. 
*Tokeka y v. a., meet, join. 

Tokekela, v. a., walk about, 
stroll. 
*Tokoka, v. s., be broken down ; 
v. a., give out. 

Tokola, v. a., dig. 

* Tolaj v. a., tear. 
*Toma, v. a., stab, prick. 
*Tomba, v. a., contemn, despise. 

Tombola, v. a., bore ; distrib- 
ute. 
*Tona, v. s., be taut. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



71 



Tondala, v. a., insult, revile. 

*Tonga, v. a., sew; eat much (?) 
Tongeka, v. a., continue. 

*Tongita, v. a., tickle. 
Tongola, v. a., castrate (pigs). 

* Tongo/ola, v. a., rip. 

* Tonyoka, v. a., hull. 

*To7tyona i v. a., pluck (feathers, 
bristles, etc.) 
Tonona, v. a., pinch. 

*Tofia, v. s., be foolish. 

*Tofiola> v. a., gash; behead. 

*Tosa, v. a., sprinkle (of rain). 

*Tosola, v. a., snap. 

*Tota, v. a., begin to ripen. 

*Tuika, v. a., burst. 

*Tuka> v. a., revile. 

*Tnkana, v. a., use foul lan- 
guage. 

Tukikinya, v. a., tie together 
(as threads). 

*Titkula, v. a., call, name, ap- 
point. 

Tukula ombulungu, appeal to 
poison test. 

*Tukulukd) v. a., appear sud- 
denly; emerge. 

*Tukuna> v. a., pull up ; pull 
out. 
Tukusa, v. a., rub. 

*Tula, v. a., put down ; de- 
posit. 

*Tulika, v. a., put upon head. 

*Tuluka, v. a., descend. 

*Tulula y v. a., take down. 
Tztluluka, v. s., be calm, un- 
ruffled. 

^Tulinmiha, v. a., subside, 
calm. 
Tuhimuna, v. a., soothe. 

*Tuma, v. a., send. 

*Tumana, v. a., sit. 



*Tumba, v. a., swell, rise. 
*Tumbika,) v. a., place, set, put 
on stove. 

Tumboka, v. a., bubble up, 
spring up (as fount). 
Tumbuka, v. a., be on top of 
(mount or plateau). 
Tumbuluka, v. a., come to sur- 
face of water. 
Tumbulula, v. a., repair. 
Tumnha, v. a., run. 
Tumina, v. a., govern. 
Tumundi v. a., put on head. 
Tuna,) v. a., fail to penetrate 
(as ball, arrows, etc.) 
%Tunda, v. a., depart. 
*Tunga, v. a., build, construct. 
* Tttngayala, v. a., lose the way. 
Tungukciy v. s., be broken, de- 
molished. 
* Tungulula, v. a., pull down. 

Tununya, v. a., choke. 
*Tununya, v. a., shake (tree). 
*Tusula, v. a., kick. 
^Titfa, v. a., carry, "tote." 

Tutula, v. a., stamp. 
^Tutumund) v. a., shake (cloth 

etc.) 
*Tuva, v. a., nudge. 
Tttvama^ v. a., push open. 
*Tuvika, v. a., cover; clinch 
fist. 

Tuvitla, v. a., uncover ; open. 
Tuwula, v. a., examine. 
'*Twa, v. a., shine ; v. s., be 

sharp. 
'^Twala, v. a., carry. 
Tzuangula, v. a., ache (jaw be- 
cause of sour food). 
Twenjoi, v. a., dream. 
Tweya, v. a., walk in rows or 
files. 



72 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



U. 



*Ucime> master. 
*Ufeko, girl. 

Uha> v. s., silent. 
*Uhamba, twig basket, hamper. 
UhandelekO) commandment, 
law. 
*Uhando y leader, captain, head 

of caravan. 
^Uhembi) liar. 
Uhina, v. s., silent. 
Uhnmbi, wooden pipe stem. 
*Ukai, woman. 

Ukaku, stench. 
*Ukala, floor. 

Ukamba, friend. 
*Uka?ida i letter. 
*Ukata, leaf-sack. 
% Ukema> name of a large mush- 
room. 

Ukese, mashed mandioc. 
*Ukesokeso, wrist. 
*Ukeya> shred ; half yard of 

cloth. 
*Ukoka> trail, clew. 
*Ukombe> visitor, guest. 
*Ukomo t weight. 
*Uko7tgo, hunter. 
*Ukula y contemporary (one 
born on same day with an- 
other). 
*Ukulit) elder. 
Ukulu wendambdy eldest one 
present. 
^Ukumbi) wooden hand or foot 
cuff. 

Ukundu, red earth on fore- 
head (as sign of conviction). 
*Ukutu, gizzard. 
Ukwambeliy clerk, steward. 
Ukwasiy wealth, riches. 
Ukwelonga, gabbler. 
Ukwengwe, whoredom. 
*Ukwenje, youth. 



Ukwocisoko, helper. 

Ukwolofeka, tramp, lazy man. 
*Cf/a, bed. 

Ulame, circlet of beads. 
*Ulela, oil, grease, fat. 
*Ulemba, wild fig, sycamore. 

Ulenda, pullet. 

Ulienge, high, leaping flames. 
*Ulima,) year; season (?) 

U lingo, mandioc. 
*UliungUi beak. 
^Uloy here (both place and 

time). 
*Ulombo, charcoal ; kind of 
eagle. 

Ulongo, conversation. 
*Ulono, knowledge. 
*Ulovi, fisherman. 

Uhi, fish poison. 

Ulula, milky way. 

Ulula> v. a,, scream. 
*Ulume, man. 

Ulungi % new comer, new set- 
tler. 

Umanehe, boy. 

Umbarida, charm. 

Umbando, indecency. 
^Umwene, owner. 
*Una, that yonder. 
*Undeti> this very (one thing, 
etc.) 

Undevi, injury. 
*Undila, v. a., lend. 

Undindu, an edible root. 

Uneni, resources. 

Ungality treachery, conspiracy. 

Unganji, raw cotton. 

Ungolo, kind of red- wood tree. 
^Ungomboy drover, shepherd. 

Ungula, v. s., be piggish, 
greedy. 

Ungundumba, yellow. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



73 



Ungwangwa, wallet-like bas- 
ket. 

Ungwanja, ridge of hair in 
middle of head. 

Ungwanya,) hunt. 

Unjili, a kind of drum. 

Unfumbo, trigger. 

UnumbU) a row of plants too 
thick for good growth. 

Unyambeloy medicine. 

UnyaniOy year. 

Unyanga, hunt. 

Unye, disobedience. 

Una, " edge on teeth." 

Upa, v. a., remove. 

Upalume, cousin. 

Upandi, elephantiasis. 

Upanga,) garden bed. 

Upange, work. 

Upati, width. 

Upatiwa, a hard blow. 

Upepo, wooden pipe stem. 

Upi) corn mallet. 

Upiya, a rash. 

Upika, slave. 

Upindi, shin. 

Upinyo, snout. 

Upito, " run " of an animal. 

Upoloy bridge of nose. 

Upicli, person who drives off 
rain ; rain-doctor. 

Upiima, marrow. 

Upimgit,, barge, boat. 

Upupa, hunter. 

Usese, tail (of horse, buffalo, 
etc.) 

Usi, wooden pestle. 

Usika, a player (on instru- 
ment). 

Usikilwavilwa, name of a 
mushroom. 

Usiko, sieve (of sticks and 
bark). 

Usilili, name of a mushroom. 

Usitii, gorge, pass. 



*Usolt, soup, gravy. 
*Usoitgo, arrow. 

Uso?ijolo, hammer of black- 
smith. 
*Usumba, fear. 

Uswa, name of very small 
mushroom (grows in clusters). 

Uswanji, conspiracy, treason. 
*17s7ui, disrespectful person. 
*Uta, plu. ovota, gun. 
*Utali, iron. 

Utanda, a bungler. 
*Utanya, sunshine. 

Utata, a scarlet-flowering 
shrub. 
*Uteke, night. 
*Utekeo, good-night. 
*Uteleli y crack in gourd. 
*Uteli y cotton. 

Utenda, pullet. 
*Utepa, beer (made with man- 

dioc meal). 
*Uteteli> a kind of high, reed- 
like grass. 
*£/#, tree, stick. 

Utila, one who has not reached 
the age of discretion. 
*Utima, heart. 
*UtingU) a fine thing. 

Utoz, a brave person. 

Utoloy descent (incline). 
*Utombo, mandioc. 

Utondwa, dunner. 

Utongo, dewlap. 
^Utumbu, hulls, bran. 

Uticta, burrow, hole. 

Ututuli, tall person. 
*Utwi, head. 

Uvala, marriage ceremony. 

Uvangi, surety. 
*Uve, invalid. 

Uveli, disease. 
*Uvelo, doorway. 
*UvOi seed-time. 

Uvomba, name of a bird. 



74 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



*Uwalo, garment. 
*Uwulu, steep. 
*Uya, girdle. 



Uyalui, scribe. 
*Uyeveyo, bellows. 



Vaka, v. a., fold. 
*Va/a, v. a., hurt, pain. 

Valala, v. a., flutter, buzz. 
*Valeka, v. a., begin. 

Valela, v. a., pound (nail, 

stake, etc.) 
*Vali, num. adj., two; adj., 

more. 
*Va/nla, v. a., misrecognize. 

Vcunba,) v. s., be old, aged. 

Vambela, v. a., wallow. 

* Va/ia, those yonder. 
Vanda* v. s., be broad. 
Vatidala* v. a., bellow. 

*Va7tdeka, v. a., add, increase. 

Vandidciy v. a., hull. 

Vanga, v. a., pack. 

Vangula* v. a., converse. 
*Va7tja, v. a., look. 

Pate, v. a., squat. 

Vavanga, v. a., stagger. 

Vawila, v. a., burn early (the 

country). 

J^/yz, v. s., be accustomed. 
*Ve/a, v. s., be sick. 
*Veleka, v. a., sling child on 

back ; carry in tipoia. 
*Velela, v. a., eat meat. 
*Vembika, v. a., fill up a hole. 
*Vevibidnla y v. a., dig out, ex- 
cavate. 

* Venja, v. a., stir. 

Vetetela^ v. a., sit in door of 
house wherein is a corpse. 

Veva, v. a., bleat. 

Vevela,) v. a., carry child on 
back. 



* Veya, husband. 
Veyuka, v. a., run rapidly. 

*Vi 9 adj., bad. 

*Viala, v. a., rule, govern. 

*Vialeka, v. a., enthrone. 

* Vilia* v. s., be bad, be in bad 

condition. 
*Viia, v. a., condemn. 
*Vinda, v. a., braid, plait. 

Vindikiya, v. a., darken. 

Vindilika, v. a., misunder- 
stand. 
*Vinga, v. a., scare off, drive 

off. 
*Vinjuka, v. a., pass, go. 

£7fo, v. a., write; w r ar. 
*- Voi insep. suffix., also. 

Voka, v. s., be nicked. 
*Vokiya, v. a., add, increase. 
*Vo/a, v. s., be rotten. 

Vomba, v. a., sink. 

Vonga, v. a., lie fallow. 

Voiigoka, v. a., slope down- 
wards. 

Vongola, v. s., be with head 
downwards. 

Votoka, v. a., stand. 

Vula, v. s., be old (of things). 

Vulwa, v. s., be fool. 

Vulukiita, v. a., collapse, cave 

in. 
*Vumba, v. a., serve. 

Vumbula % adj., grey. 

Vungilika, v. a., rest chin on 

knees. 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



75 



w. 



*Wa> adj., good. 
Wa, v. a., fall. 

*Wala> v. a., wear, dress. 
Wasa, v. a., show. 
Wdyongd, v. a., chew cud. 

*Wavd, v. a., anoint one's self. 

*Waveka, v. a., annoint an- 
other. 

*Wi, v. a., know. 



Wula, v. a., follow (as slave 
or vassal). 
*Wuluka, v. s., be uneven, 

rough. 
*Wunda, v. s., be dirty, soiled. 
Wttngd, v. a., mold. 
Wunja, a., cheat. 
*Wunjuka t s., be roiled, turbid. 
Wuynkd, a., slope, incline (of 
path). 



Y. 



* Yazla, v. a», creep. 
*F<3/c'tf, v. a., quarrel. 

* Yakela, v. a., pelt. 

*Yakisa, v. a., tattle, stir up 

strife. 
*Yala, v. a., spread (bedclothes, 

mats, table cloths, etc.) 
*Yaleka, v. a., heat, warm. 
Yalukula, v. a., warm (cold 
food). 

Yamba, v. a., mix up a pota- 
tion (by wizard). 
*Yambela, v. a., thatch. 
*Yambisa> v. a., authorize, em- 
power. 

Yanda, v. a., spread over (vine 
on fence). 

Yandava, v. a., aim. 
Yanga, v. a., triumph, brag. 
Yangisa, v. a., widen. 
Yangalala, v. a., swagger. 
Yanguluka, v. a., unload. 
Yasuta, v. a., shoot. 
y<2y<2, v. s., be awkward. 
Yayaela, v. a., ferment. 

* Yayula, v. a., do rapidly. 
y<zjj/#, v. a., moisten. 
Yavala, v. s., be in pain. 

*K#z/<?/£tf, v. a., soak. 



Yavitiya, v. a., sit without 
proper adjustment of cloth- 
ing. 

Yawulala, v. s., be brazen, 
forward. 
*F<?&z, v. a., lean (transitive). 
*P>/0, v. s., be clean, white. 

Yelela, v. a., winnow. 

Yeloka, v. a., slope upwards. 

Yeluka, v. a., arise (and go). 

Yembungula, v. a., abandon, 
scorn. 

Yendeleka, v. a., pour out little 
at a time. 
*Yenga, v, a., melt. 

* Yen/a, v. a., carry on a pole. 
% Yenduka y v. a., fall over. 
*Yendula t v. a., push over. 
*Yendiilitla y v. a., sway, swing. 
*Yepa, v. a., hide behind tree; 

shield one's self. 
K?jj/<2, v. a., slobber. 

* K?z/#, v. a., hunt ; hear ; per- 

ceive. 
*Yevala, adj., intelligible. 
*Yevelela, v. a., listen. 

* Yiha, v. a., give. 

* Yila, v. a., shut. 
^Yiluld, v. a., open. 



7 6 



UMBUNDU VOCABULARY. 



*YiJ>a, v. a., kill. 
*Yitika, v. a., knot. 

* Yo y that ; of. 

* Yoka, v. a., roast ; ford. 
*Yokoya, v. a., make a noise; 

all speak at once. 
*Yola, v. a., laugh. 
*Yole/a, v. a., rejoice. 
*Yolcka, v. a., run. 

Yolwisa, v. a., scare off spirits. 

* Yomba, v. a., stalk, steal upon. 
Yombeka, v. a., secrete. 
Yombolola, v. a., take by stealth 

when owner is present. 

*Yonga, v. s., be slack, loose; 
v. a., measure (meal or liq- 
uids). 

*Yongola y v. a., wish, desire, 
will. 

Yongololdy v. a., assemble, 
gather together. 

*Yonja, v. a., allure, entice. 

*Yota, v. a., warm one's self by 
a fire. 

*Yotela, v. a., sun one's self. 



*Yovciy v. a., sprout. 

*Yovoka, v. s., be acquitted, 

justified. 
*Yoz>ola, v. a., redeem. 
*K«, adv., then, afterwards. 
*Yua, v. a., swim. 
*Yuela, v. a., gabble, dispute. 
*Yu&a, v. s., be full. 

Yukila, v. a., string (beads, 

etc.) 
*Yukisa, v. a., fill. 

Yukula, v. a., paint. 

Yukiimwina,) v. a., doctor. 

yi?//tf, v. a., blow pinch of 
meal or ashes, etc., from 
palm of hand ; v. s., be wet. 

Yttnga, v. a., pluck. 
* Y7iva, v. a., skin ; vex. 

Ytivaliria, v. a., skin. 
^Yuvila, v. a., sip, drink with 
spoon. 

Yuv7ila, v. a., pare, peel. 

Yuzuitla, v. a., clear away bits 

from near the fire. 

Yuya, v. a., toast. 



